论旅游辅助服务者的民事责任

发布时间：2018-02-28 03:46

本文关键词： 旅游旅游辅助服务者责任　出处：《河北经贸大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来随着国民经济突飞猛进的发展，经济学上常讲的恩格尔系数在我国出现了逐年下降的趋势。联合国世界旅游组织在发表的预测报告中提到:“到2020年,中国将成为第一位世界旅游目的地和第四位客源输出大国”。人们已经不再仅仅满足于温饱问题的解决，而是随着生活水平的不断提高开始更加注重精神生活的享受，外出旅游则成为人们的不二之选。在旅游活动中经常就会发生旅游者受到人身伤害与财产损失的情况，也就是所谓的旅游安全事故。而旅行社服务范围的局限性导致其经常会与旅游辅助服务者之间签订合同来满足旅游者的需求。这样一来旅游者在旅途期间受到的人身和财产损害必然就会导致上述旅游辅助服务者与旅游经营者和旅游者产生纠纷的情形，自然也就包括了旅游辅助服务者的责任承担问题。在已经建立中国特色社会主义法律体系的当下，我国在旅游方面的立法正在逐步完善。它包括了在2013年实施的《旅游法》以及早在2010年就已经实施的规定旅游辅助服务者责任的《最高人民法院关于审理旅游纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》，还有《侵权责任法》、《合同法》、《消费者权益保护法》中涉及到可以适用的有关旅游责任的部分条款。但是要想建立和完善一套关于旅游的法律体系，在国内仅仅依靠上述涉及旅游合同的法律法规还远远不够。仅从最新出台的《旅游法》和《旅游规定》就不难看出，在对旅游辅助服务者责任承担的相关规定上就存在着歧义和不确定性，“履行辅助人”和“旅游辅助服务者”很明显的代表的不是同一个概念，再加上在理论界专家和学者对旅游合同的研究并不算多。最主要的是在实际生活当中旅游辅助服务者并不直接作为旅游合同的当事人，自然就会对其责任的立法不够完善。笔者在撰写论文的过程中参考了相关文献和数据，从法学角度对旅游辅助服务者的民事责任进行了分析，，分别从以下五部分内容进行了梳理和分析。第一部分为引言。简单介绍了选题来源和研究目的及意义；研究内容和创新点；概述了国内外对旅游辅助服务者的研究现状。第二部分介绍了旅游辅助服务者承担责任的典型案例和法律分析；以及对旅游辅助服务者概念、地位和责任类型进行了简单的阐述。第三部分通过对旅游辅助服务者责任的根据进行分析进而对其承担责任的情形进行了深度剖析，主要涉及旅游经营者、旅游辅助者、第三人的责任承担。第四部分介绍了旅游辅助服务者责任制度的立法和司法现状；我国在此现状下存在的缺陷：旅游辅助服务者定位不够明确；不作为旅游合同直接当事人；第三人侵权时与旅游经营者的责任分配不明确。第五部分通过域外借鉴提出了对旅游辅助服务者责任制度立法完善的几点建议。主要针对第四部分的缺陷提出了确定旅游辅助服务者界定标准；明确旅游辅助服务者在旅游活动中的定位；承担补充责任时应明确的顺序和范围的建议。笔者希望通过本文对旅游辅助服务者责任的专题研究得到学者和研究人员的更多关注，能够加快相关法律规定的完善，进而更好地保护旅游当事人的合法权益，促进旅游业的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of national economy, the Engel coefficient of economics often say appeared a declining trend in our country. The UN World Tourism Organization mentioned in the report published in the forecast: "by 2020, China will become the first world tourist destination and the fourth tourist output country. People can no longer solve just to meet the food and clothing problem, but with the continuous improvement of living standards began to pay more attention to the spiritual enjoyment of life, travel has become the people's choice. Often in the tourism activities of tourists have occurred in personal injury and property damage, the so-called tourism safety accidents. Between the travel limitations service range due to its often and tour assistant signed a contract to meet the needs of tourists. So by tourists during the journey The damage of personal and property will inevitably lead to disputes between the above tourism assistant service providers and tour operators and tourists, which naturally includes the problem of responsibility of tour assistant.
Has been established in the Chinese socialist legal system in our country at present, tourism legislation is gradually improving. It includes the tourism law implemented in 2013, < > and the Supreme People's court has been implemented in the early 2010 the provisions of the tour assistant responsibility "provisions on Several Issues concerning the trial of dispute cases applicable law of tourism < >, and < > tort law, contract law >, < involves terms applicable part of responsibility on Tourism Consumer Protection Law >. But to establish and perfect a set of tourism legal system in China to rely only on the travel contract laws and regulations is not enough. From the introduction of the new tourism Law > > and < > tourism regulations is not difficult to see that the ambiguity and uncertainty existing in the relevant provisions of the tour assistant responsibility," theassistant "and "Tour assistant" represents obviously not the same concept, coupled with the theory of industry experts and scholars to study on the travel contract is not too much. The most important is the tour assistant in real life is not directly as the parties of the travel contract, naturally the liability legislation is not perfect.
In the process of writing papers, I have referred to the related documents and data. From the perspective of law, I have analyzed the civil liability of the tourism assistant service, and have combed and analyzed the following five parts.
The first part is the introduction. It briefly introduces the source and purpose of the topic selection, the research contents and the innovation points, and summarizes the research status of the domestic and foreign tourism assistant service providers.
The second part introduces the typical cases and legal analysis of the responsibility of the tour assistant, and gives a brief account of the concept, status and responsibility type of the tour assistant.
The third part analyzes the basis of the responsibility of the tour assistant, and further analyzes the situation of its responsibility, mainly involving the responsibility of the tour operator, the tourist assistant and the third party.
The fourth part introduces the legislative and judicial status quo tour assistant responsibility system; status of defects in China are: the tour assistant positioning is not clear enough; not as a tourist contract parties directly; the allocation of the burden of the third infringement and tour operators are not clear.
The fifth part puts forward the reference tour assistant responsibility system of legislative suggestions by foreign countries. The fourth part mainly aims at the defects is proposed to determine the tourism auxiliary server definition standard; clear positioning tour assistant in the tourism activities; undertake supplementary liability should be the order and scope of clear advice.
The author hopes that through this study, we can get more attention from scholars and researchers, which will speed up the improvement of relevant laws and regulations, and better protect the legitimate rights and interests of tourist parties, and promote the sustainable development of tourism.

【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.294;D923.6;D923

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