试论数据库的法律保护

发布时间：2018-03-18 01:04

本文选题：数据库　切入点：法律保护　出处：《延边大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 高速发展的新的生产力需要新的生产关系。一定的经济基础也总是要求一个相适应的上层建筑为之服务，在信息产业飞速发展的今天，全球各国都在重视信息保护的立法和研究，数据库的保护也是其中一个致关重要的难题。由于各国都充分认识到数据库的重要性，各国都在探讨合适的途径加以进行保护。对于传统的数据库，各国以版权法和反不正当竞争法的保护为主流。著作权法所说的数据库，主要是指对已经存在的作品或简单事实材料进行选择、编排、整理和汇编而形成的新的集合物。根据版权法的一般原则，凡是符合版权法独创性要求的数据库，，都可受到著作权法的保护，但此种保护仅仅限于该数据库材料的选择和编排结构，而不延及资料和事实本身，不具有独创性的数据库则不受版权保护，在一定情况下通过反不正当竞争法受到保护。但反不正当竞争法只是对竞争行为中出现的不正当行为加以进行限制，因此一个行为只有被认定为不正当竞争行为时才能适用反不正当竞争法来加以保护。也就是说，不具有独创性的而且也不属于不正当竞争行为的数据库还是没有办法得到保护。但这种数据库的信息数量一般相当庞大而且用起来非常方便，所以不给予保护，则不能使制作者的投资得到回报。这样一来数据库的制作者们也不会太去考虑他的实用性，而只考虑内容和编排上的独创性。对此笔者认为对于这样的数据库给予特别权利(Sui generic right)予以保护。1996年欧盟颁布了《欧盟数据库指令》，该《指令》中创设的数据库给予特别权利保护制度具有开创性，目前来说是对数据库保护最有力的法案，但因过早出台的缘故存在一些缺陷。美国对数据库的法律也提出过多次法案，虽然至今没有通过，但几次提出的法案中所涉及到的有关特别权利保护的内容及为先进。因此本文通过分析欧盟与美国的数据库的立法过程，以及我国的数据库的保护现状，加上学者们的观点，分析对数据库给予特别权利保护的缺陷，在此基础上提出了怎样完善对数据库给予特别权利保护的缺陷的建议。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of new productive forces requires new relations of production. A certain economic base always requires a suitable superstructure to serve it. Today, with the rapid development of the information industry, Countries all over the world attach importance to the legislation and research of information protection, and database protection is one of the most important problems. As all countries are fully aware of the importance of databases, they are exploring appropriate ways to protect them. Copyright Law refers to the database, which mainly refers to the selection and arrangement of existing works or simple factual materials. According to the general principles of copyright law, any database that meets the requirements of originality of copyright law can be protected by copyright law. However, such protection is limited to the selection and structure of the materials of the database and does not extend to the information and facts themselves, and databases that are not original are not protected by copyright, Under certain circumstances, the adoption of an anti-unfair competition law is protected. However, the anti-unfair competition law limits only the unfair acts that occur in the course of competition. Therefore, an act can only be protected by an anti-unfair competition law if it is found to be an act of unfair competition. Databases that are not original and do not belong to unfair competition can still not be protected. However, the amount of information in such databases is generally large and easy to use, so they are not protected, You can't get a return on the maker's investment. So the database makers don't have to think too much about his usefulness. But only considering the originality in content and arrangement. The author thinks that the special right to protect such database is Sui generic right. In 1996, the European Union promulgated the EU Database Directive, which is the database created in the Directive. The system of the protection of special rights is groundbreaking, At present, it is the most effective bill for database protection, but there are some shortcomings due to its premature introduction. The United States has also proposed several bills on database law, although it has not been passed so far. But the contents of special rights protection involved in several bills are advanced. Therefore, this paper analyzes the legislative process of the databases in the EU and the United States, as well as the current situation of database protection in our country, together with the views of scholars. On the basis of analyzing the defects of giving special right protection to database, some suggestions on how to perfect the special right protection for database are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D913

【引证文献】