农村房屋赠予合同效力问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 17:03

本文选题：农村房屋　切入点：赠与合同　出处：《大连海事大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：在近期基层法庭的民事审判实践中,我逐渐发现这样一个问题：就是近几年来基层法庭接收的案件中出现了许多关于农村房屋赠予合同效力方面争议的案件。主要表现为：如果房屋未办理过户手续,房屋赠予合同效力如何界定；如果房屋已办理过户手续后发现房屋赠予合同存在不成立的因素则该房屋赠予合同效力如何界定。这促使笔者对农村房屋赠予合同效力问题产生了新的思考和认识。赠与合同实质上是一种典型的无偿合同,也可以说是赠与人无偿地将自己的财产给予了受赠人,而受赠人明确地表示接受赠与的合同。在此过程中,赠与人承担了交付赠与物的义务,而受赠人除了享有接受赠与物的权利外却勿需承担任何义务,因此为了平衡赠与人与受赠人之间的权益,我国合同法为赠与人赋予了任意撤销权,目的是为了弥补赠与合同单务性的缺陷。但是在司法实践过程中,我们逐渐发现这样一个问题：任意撤销权制度也为赠与人任意损害受赠人的信赖利益埋下了无穷隐患。赠与合同的缔结一般都是以一定的感情和道德为基础的,其在一定程度上也起到了重新分配财产和缓合社会氛围,减少社会矛盾的作用。它虽不是当今社会财产所有权转移的主要形式,但是它的存在也具有一定的积极意义。所以,我们要有的放矢地克服赠与合同任意撤销权制度的不足,对赠与合同信赖利益保护方面的立法进行完善,从而寻求有限资源与无限利益追求之间完美结合。在基层法庭审判实务中,因农村房屋赠与行为引发的纠纷多种多样,如确认房屋赠与合同效力纠纷、撤销房屋赠与合同纠纷等等。农村房屋赠与纠纷大多因赠与人与受赠人的主体身份的特殊而具有不同于其他类型赠与的特性。所以处理类似纠纷时,要求法官不仅仅考察其法律和法理,还需探究其中的情理,如民间风俗习惯。针对农村房屋赠与合同的特殊性,当事人在约定赠与农村房屋时,被赠与人一定要及时办理产权过户手续,以防经过一段时间后当事人反悔而致自身依赖利益受损。同时,我们基层法官在审判实践中要努力探究农村房屋赠与合同效力纠纷的真实根源,避免造成社会财富的损失和浪费,不断提高司法效率,实现司法公正。
[Abstract]:In the recent civil trial practice of the basic court, I have gradually found a problem: in the cases accepted by the basic court in recent years, there have been many controversial cases concerning the validity of the contract for the grant of rural houses.The main performance is: if the house does not go through the transfer formalities, how to define the validity of the house grant contract; if the house has gone through the transfer formalities, found that the housing grant contract does not exist factors, then how to define the effectiveness of the housing grant contract.This causes the author to the rural house grant contract validity question to produce the new thought and the understanding.The gift contract is in essence a typical kind of free contract. It can also be said that the donator gives his property to the recipient without charge, and the recipient clearly expresses the contract of accepting the gift.In the process, the donor assumes the obligation to deliver the gift, and the recipient has no obligation other than the right to receive the gift. Therefore, in order to balance the interests between the donor and the recipient,The contract law of our country endows the donator with the right to rescind freely, in order to make up for the defect of the contract of gift.However, in the course of judicial practice, we gradually find a problem: the system of the right of arbitrary rescission also buries an infinite hidden danger for the donator to arbitrarily damage the trust interests of the grantee.The conclusion of gift contract is generally based on certain feelings and morals, and to a certain extent, it also plays the role of redistributing property and slowing down social atmosphere and reducing social contradictions.Although it is not the main form of property ownership transfer, its existence also has certain positive significance.Therefore, we should aim to overcome the deficiencies of the system of the arbitrary revocation of the gift contract, perfect the legislation on the protection of trust interests of the gift contract, and seek a perfect combination between the limited resources and the pursuit of unlimited interests.In the trial practice of grass-roots courts, there are many kinds of disputes caused by the act of giving houses in rural areas, such as disputes about the validity of the contract for confirming the grant of houses, disputes about cancelling the contract of the grant of houses, and so on.The dispute of house donation in rural areas is different from other kinds of gifts because of the special identity of the donor and recipient.Therefore, when dealing with similar disputes, judges are required not only to examine their laws and legal principles, but also to explore their reasons, such as folk customs and habits.In view of the particularity of the contract of rural house donation, when the party agrees to grant the rural house, the donatee must deal with the formalities of transfer of property right in time, in case after a period of time, the party reneges on his or her own dependent interests.At the same time, in our trial practice, the judges at the grass-roots level should try their best to explore the real root of the disputes over the validity of the contract for the grant of houses in rural areas, to avoid the loss and waste of social wealth, to continuously improve the judicial efficiency and to realize judicial justice.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.6

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