瑕疵出资股东责任研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 11:37

本文选题：瑕疵出资 + 股东责任　；参考：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：加入世界贸易组织十余年，我国经济逐步繁荣，市场逐步完善。在市场经济逐步完善的过程中，我国的各项公司制度愈加合理。2005年修订的《公司法》和随后几年最高法院出台的三个司法解释适应了解决社会经济发展中存在问题的需要。2005年出台的《公司法》对瑕疵出资股东的责任承担作出了规定，新出台的司法解释三也对瑕疵出资行为规定为现实操作提供了更详细的指南。笔者欲以现行法律制度规定为根基，通过本文就该问题系统地分析不同形态的瑕疵出资行为的民事法律性质以在司法实践中合理评判瑕疵出资股东之责任。在上述责任明晰的基础上，从私法的角度辨析行政法应当出资过程中怎样发挥作用，探讨刑法的惩戒功能是否还有必要对目前的瑕疵出资、抽逃出资行为进行惩戒。本文首先从案例入手发现问题，继而采用概念分析方法和定性分析法对瑕疵出资行为的界定及民事责任的性质进行分析。对我国合同法和侵权法的规定结合瑕疵出资的具体形态采用语义分析方法，明晰了瑕疵出资股东的责任承担方式。另外参照外国公司法的相关规定，采用比较法分析法就我国公司法关于限制瑕疵出资股东的股东权发展完善作出立法建议，并讨论了公司法增加诸如限制瑕疵出资股东共益权，瑕疵出资股东失权或除名制度等规定以完善我国公司制度，更好的保护公司法人和其他股东的权益。最后本文还就我国行政法在规制瑕疵出资的过程中应当怎样参与规制瑕疵出资行为以及瑕疵出资行为去犯罪化的问题从私法的角度进行了讨论。文章试图通过对瑕疵出资行为法律性质和责任承担方式的明确界定和划分，确定公司和其他股东应对瑕疵出资行为的私法救济方式，以系统的界定瑕疵出资行为的性质和合理地确定责任承担方式。笔者在文章的第四部分有关股东共益权的限制及股东失权制度的讨论，希望公司股东利用章程的规定达到保护公司和个人利益的目的，防止瑕疵出资股东利用手中的共益权损害公司或其他股东利益。文章关于行政机关应当在股东出资的过程中应主要加强对出资股东和验资机构，，尤其是验资机构的规制监管力度，而不是对瑕疵股东充当事后惩罚者的角色，打造服务型政府。另外还论证了私法领域对瑕疵出资行为自有其救济方式，刑法应退出对瑕疵出资这种经济领域中的违法行为的管制。刑法利用剥夺人身自由的方式惩戒某些经济领域的违法行为不利于市场经济的繁荣，对于公司和其他股东也并体现不出益处何在，故关于瑕疵出资相关犯罪的作去犯罪化处理符合我国法治发展方向。
[Abstract]:After joining WTO for more than ten years, China's economy has been flourishing and the market has been gradually improved.In the course of the gradual improvement of the market economy,The company law revised in 2005 and the three judicial interpretations issued by the Supreme Court in the following years meet the needs of solving the problems existing in the social and economic development.Provisions have been made on the liability of shareholders with defective capital contributions,The new judicial explanation three also provides more detailed guidance for practical operation.On the basis of the current legal system, the author systematically analyzes the civil legal nature of different forms of defective capital contribution in order to judge the responsibility of shareholders in judicial practice.On the basis of the above clear responsibility, this paper analyzes how the administrative law should play a role in the process of capital contribution from the angle of private law, and probes into whether the disciplinary function of criminal law is necessary to punish the current defective capital contribution and the evasion of capital contribution.This paper starts with the case to find out the problem, then uses the concept analysis method and the qualitative analysis method to analyze the definition of the defective capital contribution and the nature of the civil liability.According to the rules of contract law and tort law of our country, this paper adopts the semantic analysis method to clarify the way of the liability of the shareholders of defective capital contribution in combination with the specific form of defective capital contribution.In addition, referring to the relevant provisions of foreign company law, this paper makes a legislative suggestion on the development and perfection of shareholders' rights in China's company law concerning the limitation of the shareholders' rights of defective capital contribution by means of comparative law, and discusses how to increase the rights of shareholders with limited defective capital contribution in company law.In order to perfect the company system and protect the rights and interests of the legal person and other shareholders of the company.Finally, this paper discusses how to participate in the regulation of defective capital contribution and the decriminalization of defective capital contribution in the process of regulation of defective capital contribution in China from the perspective of private law.This paper attempts to define and divide clearly the legal nature and responsibility of defective capital contribution, and to determine the private law remedy for the defective capital contribution by the company and other shareholders.Systematically define the nature of defective capital contribution and reasonably determine the way of liability.In the fourth part of the article, the author discusses the restriction of the shareholders' right of mutual benefit and the system of shareholders' losing their rights, hoping that the shareholders of the company will make use of the provisions of the articles of association to protect the interests of the company and the individual.To prevent defective shareholders from harming the interests of the company or other shareholders by taking advantage of the right of mutual benefit in their hands.In this paper, the author points out that the administrative organs should strengthen the regulation and supervision of the shareholders and the capital verification institutions, especially the capital verification institutions, in the process of the shareholders' contribution, rather than acting as the punishment of the defective shareholders and creating a service-oriented government.In addition, it also demonstrates that there is a remedy in the field of private law to the defective capital contribution, and the criminal law should withdraw from the regulation of the illegal behavior in the economic field of defective capital contribution.Criminal law is not conducive to the prosperity of the market economy by taking advantage of the deprivation of personal liberty to punish the illegal acts in certain economic fields, nor does it reflect the benefits to companies and other shareholders.Therefore, the decriminalization of the crime related to defective capital contribution conforms to the development direction of the rule of law in our country.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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