关于我国涉外劳动合同法律适用问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 22:22

本文选题：涉外劳动合同 + 弱者保护原则　；参考：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国法律的发展,劳动法已经成为了重要的社会法内容,兼具公、私法特征。经济全球化,一带一路互联互通,劳动力在全球范围内交流更加频繁,涉外劳动关系越来越复杂,如何组织涉外劳动关系,规范劳动合同,成为各个国家需要关注的问题。涉外劳动合同涉及到国内与国外的企业和劳动者,相较于国内的劳动法律关系更加复杂,对待涉外劳动关系的和解决劳动争议的出发点,首要的问题是解决我国涉外劳动合同法律适用问题。我国的法律发展在持续改进,相关涉外劳动法律也有着突飞猛进的进步,从立法思考到与国际惯例的衔接都有了很大的改善。从一律适用强制性法律的规定,到明确以冲突法原则作为依据适用涉外法律问题,体现在《涉外经济合同法》、《涉外民事关系适用法》等诸多法律之中。法律发展进步的同时,在实践中也出现了缺陷。一方面,随着我国企业走出去的步伐加大,特别是“一带一路”战略的实践,劳工管理属地化和中资企业面临国别用工风险增加,造成重大的直接经济损失甚至导致项目失败的案例不鲜见。另一方面,如果按照强制性法律是直接适用我国的法律,尤其在雇佣外国人所在国家法律明显优于我国法律的情况下,可能会出现会导致部门境内的劳动者权益不能得到全面、充分的保障。因此如何将涉外劳动法律合理规定以确保相关法律适用的准确性、以及如何在海外并购整合和海外基建项目实践中规范涉外用工,控制用工风险,成为需要正视的问题。本文现对涉外劳动关系进行了明确的确定。并以此为基础,将六种涉外情形进行了介绍,并结合我国现有法律的实践经验找出与实践不相适应的问题焦点,参考了域外涉外劳动法律关系相关法律制度的设计和原则,进而总结出我国立法可以借鉴的原则和思路。随着一带一路战略的深入推进和转移过剩产能的需要,中国企业走出去、我国涉外劳动者和来我国的外国劳动者的交流均已常态化,在保障劳动者和企业权益充分享受的目标下,如允许当事人根据自己意愿选择动关系的法律适用,则更加完善。同时,提高国家、企业、劳动者的遵纪守法意识和维权意识,也成为减少涉外劳动关系纠纷的重要环节。最后,本文从国内法律制度科学完善、国际适用规则融合一致、国际公约及合作机制无缝衔接以及加强弱者保护等四个方面提出了调整完善的意见建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of Chinese law, labor law has become an important content of social law, both public and private law characteristics. With the globalization of economy, the interconnection of Belt and Road, the more frequent exchange of labor force in the global scope, and the more and more complicated labor relations involving foreign countries, how to organize the foreign labor relations and standardize labor contracts has become a problem that each country should pay attention to. Foreign labor contracts involve domestic and foreign enterprises and workers, compared with domestic labor legal relations more complex, foreign labor relations and the starting point of resolving labor disputes, The most important problem is to solve the problem of the application of foreign labor contract law in our country. The legal development of our country is continuously improving, and the related foreign labor law has also made great progress, from the legislative thinking to the connection with the international practice, there has been a great improvement. From the provisions of mandatory law to the explicit application of foreign-related law based on the principle of conflict of laws, it is embodied in many laws, such as the Foreign Economic contract Law, the applicable Law of Civil Relations concerning Foreign Affairs, and so on. With the development and progress of law, there are also defects in practice. On the one hand, with the increase in the pace of going out of China's enterprises, especially the practice of the "Belt and Road" strategy, the localization of labor management and the increase in the risks faced by Chinese enterprises in terms of national employment. Serious direct economic losses and even project failures are not uncommon. On the other hand, if the laws of our country are directly applied in accordance with mandatory laws, especially if the laws of the countries in which foreigners are employed are obviously superior to the laws of our country, it may result in workers' rights and interests within the department not being comprehensive. Adequate safeguards. Therefore, how to ensure the accuracy of the relevant laws, how to regulate the foreign employment and control the employment risk in the overseas merger and acquisition integration and the overseas capital construction project practice are the problems that need to be faced up to. This article has carried on the explicit determination to the foreign-related labor relations. On the basis of this, six kinds of foreign cases are introduced, and combining with the practical experience of the existing laws of our country to find out the problem focus which is not suitable to the practice, and to refer to the design and principle of the relevant legal system of the foreign labor legal relations. Then summarize the principle and train of thought that our country legislation can draw lessons from. With the further promotion of Belt and Road's strategy and the need to transfer excess capacity, the exchanges between foreign workers and foreign workers who come to China have become more regular. Under the goal of protecting the rights and interests of workers and enterprises, it is more perfect if the parties are allowed to choose the legal application of the dynamic relationship according to their own wishes. At the same time, improving the consciousness of abiding by the law and maintaining the rights of the state, enterprise and laborer has become an important link in reducing the disputes about foreign labor relations. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions from four aspects: the scientific perfection of domestic legal system, the fusion of international applicable rules, the seamless connection of international conventions and cooperation mechanisms, and the strengthening of the protection of the weak.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.52

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