论离婚协议中赠与子女财产条款

发布时间：2018-05-02 08:59

本文选题：离婚协议 + 赠与行为　；参考：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了能够尽早的解除夫妻关系,能够逃离出婚姻这一"枷锁",许多夫妻常常会选择通过签署离婚协议来结束彼此的婚姻关系。但夫妻双方在协商的过程中,总会产生各种矛盾与分歧,而子女往往会为成缓和矛盾的关键所在。双方通常在离婚协议内写明把夫妻共同财产或者是一方所有财产赠与子或女。但当离婚协议签署完毕解除夫妻关系后,常常会有一方当事人由于离婚后经济窘迫或看房价节节攀升而颇为心疼等原因,从而产生了反悔心态想要撤销离婚协议内对子女财产赠与。那么在这种情况下能否撤销当初的赠与呢?并且夫妻双方当初签署离婚协议中赠与子女财产条款法律性质又应当如何认定呢?在目前的法律实践中,各个法院对此类案件的裁判结果也不尽相同。有的在一审判决中判定可以撤销赠与,而上诉至二审法院后,二审法院也有推翻一审法院判决的情形,即不可撤销。即使判决结果相同,但说理部分的法理依据也大相径庭。主要争议的焦点是夫妻双方在离婚协议中赠与子女财产是不是民法上的赠与合同,同时是否因该赠与在婚姻家庭关系中而要特殊看待,是否要考虑道德与身份因素。同时关于离婚协议中赠与子女财产条款的性质,学术界也各有争议,本文就会对理论界与实务界对此类问题的看法进行总结与分析。本文总共有四个部分:第一部分为离婚协议概述。主要内容有离婚协议含义与特征,离婚协议法律性质。第二部分探讨了离婚协议内赠与子女财产条款性质。首先介绍了学界中的赠与合同说、向第三人履行的合同说、离婚协议整体说这三种观点,其次表达了笔者自己的看法,笔者比较倾向于认同离婚协议整体说这一观点。第三部分研究了离婚协议中的赠与方是否享有撤销权,概括了理论界与实务界的观点以及各自的理论依据,主要阐述了是应当以《合同法》还是《婚姻法》为法律依据,并分析了司法实务中常见的几种情形,依据案例出发,分析不同的情况应当怎样处理。第四部分探讨了子女能否作为原告享有请求权,主要介绍了学界从第三人利益合同出发,对此问题的不同看法。以及笔者自己的观点及笔者认为实务中一些特殊情况的处理方式这两个方面。最后结论对完善离婚协议内赠与子女财产条款提出笔者意见。即笔者认为可以对离婚协议内赠与条款进行明确,并具体列明可撤销情形。
[Abstract]:In order to dissolve the relationship as soon as possible and to escape the yoke of marriage, many couples often choose to end their marriage by signing a divorce agreement. However, in the process of negotiation, there are always contradictions and differences between husband and wife, and children are often the key to ease the contradiction. The couple usually specify in the divorce agreement whether the couple's joint property or the property of one party is a gift or a woman. However, when the divorce agreement has been signed to dissolve the relationship between the husband and wife, one of the parties will often feel rather sad because of the financial distress after the divorce or watching the price of house prices rise. As a result, a remorse state of mind wants to cancel the divorce agreement on the children's property gift. Can the original gift be revoked in this case? And how should the legal nature of the property clause in the divorce agreement signed by the husband and wife be confirmed? In the current legal practice, different courts have different results on such cases. Some decided in the first instance judgment that the gift could be revoked, and after appeal to the court of second instance, the court of second instance also overturned the judgment of the court of first instance, that is, irrevocable. Even if the verdict is the same, the legal basis of the reasoning is quite different. The main focus of the dispute is whether the property given to the children by the husband and wife in the divorce agreement is a civil law gift contract, whether the gift should be treated specially in the marriage and family relations, and whether the moral and identity factors should be considered. At the same time, the nature of the property clause in divorce agreement is also controversial in academic circles, this paper will summarize and analyze the views of theoretical and practical circles on this kind of issues. There are four parts in this paper: the first part is an overview of divorce settlement. The main content has the divorce agreement meaning and the characteristic, the divorce agreement legal nature. The second part discusses the nature of the property clause in divorce agreement. Firstly, the author introduces the theory of gift contract, the theory of contract to the third party, the theory of divorce agreement as a whole, and the author expresses his own opinion. The author tends to agree with the theory of divorce agreement as a whole. The third part studies whether the donator in the divorce agreement enjoys the right of rescission, summarizes the views of the theoretical and practical circles and their respective theoretical bases, and mainly expounds whether to take the contract Law or the Marriage Law as the legal basis. It also analyzes several common cases in judicial practice, and analyzes how to deal with different situations according to cases. The fourth part discusses whether the children can enjoy the claim as the plaintiff, mainly introduces the different views of the academic circles on this issue from the perspective of the third party interest contract. As well as the author's own point of view and the author thinks in the practice some special situation processing way these two aspects. Finally, the author puts forward the author's opinion on consummating the property clause of the children in the divorce agreement. That is, I think that the divorce agreement can be defined in the gift clause, and specifically listed the circumstances of revocation.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.9

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