电视节目模式的著作权法律保护

发布时间：2018-05-25 22:24

本文选题：电视节目模式 + 著作权　；参考：《南京理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：电视节目模式是指具有共同特性的一系列元素有机结合而成的一整套表达。近二十年来,全球电视节目模式被抄袭现象日益严重,大量的相关法律纠纷亟待处理。基于鼓励创新、维护市场秩序的考量,电视节目模式应当受到法律的保护。世界范围内已经有十余个国家先后确立了电视节目模式的法律保护制度,在具体的路径选择上,有反不正当竞争法保护模式、著作权法保护模式、合同法保护模式与商业秘密保护模式。电视节目模式非著作权法律保护模式有其局限性,电视节目模式是具有独创性的智力成果,能够形成有形的表达,符合著作权客体的要求,应当受到著作权法的保护。考察世界各国的立法与判例,各国的电视节目模式著作权法律保护制度在具体设计时颇有差异。在英国,电视节目模式如果符合文字作品、电影作品或戏剧作品的要求即可获得著作权法律保护；在美国部分州,电视节目模式只要符合著作权法客体的本质要求即可获得著作权法保护；荷兰、意大利法律则规定电视节目模式是一种法定的作品类型。电视节目模式作为新兴的作品类型,其著作权法律保护的标准在世界范围内呈现出多样性：英美法系部分法院采“实质相似性”与“接触”标准,部分法院采高度独创性标准,荷兰、巴西法院采元素覆盖标准。“实质相似性”与“接触”标准适用的对象是具有可版权性的电视节目模式,它通过外在检测与本质检测相结合的方法,来进行电视节目模式著作权侵权认定。在高度独创性标准下,电视节目模式需要达到较高的独创性级别才能获得著作权法律保护。元素覆盖标准则依据两个涉案的电视节目模式在构成元素上的重复度与相似度来进行著作权侵权认定。我国的电视节目模式著作权法律保护仍处于空白,但是相关的案例纠纷却屡见不鲜。我国应当将电视节目模式纳入著作权法律客体范围,在电视节目模式著作权法律保护制度设计上遵循鼓励创新、利益平衡与宽严相济的原则。我国法院在进行著作权侵权认定时,不能机械的适用三步法,应当结合实质相似性检测方法,综合考察两个涉案的电视节目模式。我国的电视节目模式著作权侵权赔偿应当奉行法定赔偿原则,同时结合电视节目模式的运作特点,综合考虑电视节目模式许可费用、侵权行为性质、广告效益等因素。
[Abstract]:TV program pattern refers to a series of elements with common characteristics which are combined to form a whole set of expressions. In the past twenty years, the plagiarism of TV program mode in the world is becoming more and more serious, and a large number of related legal disputes need to be dealt with. Based on the consideration of encouraging innovation and maintaining market order, TV program mode should be protected by law. More than a dozen countries around the world have successively established the legal protection system of the television program model. In the specific path choice, there are anti-unfair competition law protection models and copyright law protection models. Contract law protection mode and trade secret protection mode. The mode of non-copyright legal protection of TV program has its limitations. The mode of television program is an original intellectual achievement, which can form tangible expression and meet the requirements of copyright object, and should be protected by copyright law. Reviewing the legislations and precedents of various countries, it is found that the legal protection system of television program copyright is quite different in the specific design. In the United Kingdom, a television program model is protected by law if it meets the requirements of literary, film or dramatic works; in some states of the United States, Television program mode can be protected by copyright law as long as it meets the essential requirements of the object of copyright law, while the Dutch and Italian laws stipulate that television program mode is a legal type of work. As a new type of works, the standards of copyright legal protection of TV programs are diverse in the world: some courts of Anglo-American law system adopt the standards of "substantial similarity" and "contact", and some courts adopt highly original standards. The Dutch, Brazilian courts take the element coverage standard. The object of "substantial similarity" and "contact" is the copyright mode of TV program, which is determined by the combination of external detection and essence detection. Under the standard of high originality, the mode of TV program needs to reach a higher level of originality in order to obtain the legal protection of copyright. The criterion of element coverage is based on the repetition and similarity of the two TV program patterns involved in the case to determine copyright infringement. The copyright protection of TV program mode in our country is still in blank, but the related case disputes are common. Our country should bring TV program mode into the scope of copyright law object, and follow the principle of encouraging innovation, balancing interests and combining leniency with severity in the design of copyright legal protection system of TV program mode. The court of our country should not apply the three-step method mechanically when determining the copyright infringement, and should comprehensively investigate the two TV program modes involved in the case by combining the method of detecting the substantial similarity. The compensation for copyright infringement of TV program mode in our country should follow the principle of statutory compensation. At the same time, combined with the operating characteristics of TV program mode, the factors such as the cost of licensing, the nature of infringement, and the effectiveness of advertisement should be considered comprehensively.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.41;G222

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