合同免责条款研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 18:32

本文选题：《合同法》 + 免责制度　；参考：《河北大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国市场经济的发展,《合同法》在保障双方当事人合法权益、调整社会关系、维护市场经济秩序中发挥着越来越重要的作用。我国现行的《合同法》及与合同相关的法律,作为上层建筑,由我国的经济基础决定,同时又反过来推动社会主义市场经济的发展。当前,人们的衣食住行处处离不开订立合同这一民事行为,小到餐馆就餐、商场购物,大到买房买车、出境旅行……作为平等主体之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议,合同与每个人的日常生活息息相关。合同免责制度作为《合同法》中的一项重要制度,是合同法中平等原则及合同自由原则的具体体现。当出现合同中约定的某种事由而使合同的目的不能实现时,预先订立的合同免责事由则成为处理当事人之间权利义务关系、合理分配责任和风险的有效办法。作为免责事由之一的免责条款,是双方当事人在订立合同或格式合同提供者在提供格式合同时,为限制或免除一方当事人未来可能承担的责任而设立的条款。为限制一方当事人滥用免责条款逃避应尽的合同义务,我国法律从免责条款产生的效力、免责解释规则等方面对其进行了合理的规制,从而维护国家利益和社会的公共利益,保障当事人的合法权益,稳定社会秩序。本文分为序言、正文和结语三大部分,其中正文从合同免责条款的概述、免责条款的效力认定、免责条款的解释规则以及相关法律规制等四个方面对免责条款进行了研究和说明,结合相关合同免责条款纠纷的案例,分析并指出在司法实践中处理免责条款纠纷案件时应该注意的问题。
[Abstract]:With the development of market economy in China, contract Law plays a more and more important role in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of both parties, adjusting social relations and maintaining the order of market economy. As a superstructure, the current contract Law and its related laws are determined by the economic basis of our country and, in turn, promote the development of the socialist market economy. At present, people's clothing, food, housing and transportation can not be separated from the civil act of concluding contracts, from restaurants to shopping malls, from buying houses to cars and travelling abroad. As an agreement between equal subjects to establish, change and terminate the relationship between civil rights and obligations, the contract is closely related to everyone's daily life. As an important system in contract Law, the system of contract exemption embodies the principle of equality and freedom of contract. When the purpose of the contract can not be realized due to a certain reason agreed in the contract, the prior contract exemption becomes an effective way to deal with the relationship of rights and obligations between the parties, and to distribute the responsibility and risk reasonably. As one of the reasons of exemption, the exemption clause is the clause established by both parties in the process of concluding a contract or providing a format contract provider in order to limit or exempt a party from the liability that the party may undertake in the future. In order to limit one party from abusing the exemption clause to avoid the contractual obligations, the law of our country regulates the exemption clause from the aspects of the effectiveness of the exemption clause and the rules of explanation of exemption, so as to safeguard the national interest and the public interest of the society. To protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties concerned and to stabilize social order. This article is divided into the preface, the text and the conclusion three parts, in which the text from the contract exemption clause summary, the exemption clause validity confirmation, The interpretation rules and related legal regulations of exemption clauses are studied and explained in four aspects, and combined with the cases of disputes over exemption clauses in relevant contracts, This paper analyzes and points out the problems that should be paid attention to in handling the dispute cases of exemption clause in judicial practice.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.6

【参考文献】