不公平合同条款认定后的漏洞弥补

发布时间：2018-08-12 11:41

【摘要】：如何填补不公平条款被认定后留下的漏洞,是法学界讨论较少的理论问题。目前存在的三种标准分别是最合理条款、惩罚性条款、最小容忍条款。最小容忍条款标准符合合同自由的基本理念,其他两个标准则否。惩罚性条款标准只有基于威慑功能才有适用空间。最合理条款标准本质上具有惩罚性且不完全合乎效率。最小容忍标准则符合效率。最合理条款标准如以语境中理性人为基础,其与最小容忍条款标准完全一致。《劳动合同法》及《担保法司法解释》等法律事实上确立了最小容忍条款标准,既有的大量民间借贷利率、违约金过高调整等判例也主要体现该标准。最小容忍条款标准应成为不公平合同条款认定后漏洞弥补的一般性标准。
[Abstract]:How to fill the loophole left by the unfair clause is a theoretical problem that is less discussed in the field of law. At present, the three standards are the most reasonable clause, the punitive clause and the minimum tolerance clause. The minimum tolerance clause standard conforms to the basic concept of freedom of contract, while the other two criteria do not. Punitive clause standards can only be applied on the basis of deterrent function. The most reasonable terms are essentially punitive and not entirely efficient. The minimum tolerance standard is consistent with efficiency. The most reasonable standard of clause, such as the criterion of rational person in context, is completely consistent with the standard of minimum tolerance clause. In fact, the law of Labor contract Law and the Judicial interpretation of Guaranty Law establish the standard of minimum tolerance clause. A large number of existing private lending interest rates, excessive adjustment of liquidated damages and other cases also mainly reflect this standard. The minimum tolerance clause standard should be the general standard to fill the gap after the unfair contract clause is identified.
【作者单位】：吉林大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重点项目“十六年来我国合同法总则核心制度的司法适用与理论反思”(15AFX017)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D923.6

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