论机动车第三者责任险中的受害人直接请求权
发布时间：2018-10-22 11:00
【摘要】：当前，极速增加的机动车数量，促使交通事故频发，成为社会不稳定的因素之一。由于普通民众的交通安全意识、道路交通秩序相对滞后，致使道路交通事故大幅增加、案件数量显著增长。根据法院报表统计显示，我2007年法院系统受理一审机动车道路交通事故损害赔偿纠纷案件296969件，占民事一审案件的6.3%；2008年受理375082件，占民事一审案件的6.9%；2009年受理464703件，占民事一审案件的8.0%；2010年受理612596件，占民事一审案件的10.1%；2011年受理744570件，占民事一审案件的11.3%；2012年上半年，案件数量更是达到了403476件。无论从绝对数量还是所占比例上看，机动车道路交通事故损害赔偿纠纷案件都处于较快上升趋势。如何有效解决社会矛盾、促进社会的和谐与稳定、及时保护事故受害者的合法权益、彰显法律的公正与威严，是摆在人民法院在面前的现实问题。在颁布了《中华人民共和国保险法》、《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法》、《机动车交通事故责任强制保险条例》后，关于是否赋予了受害第三人直接请求权在理论和实务中争议不断。为贯彻党的十八大提出的五位一体的重大战略部署，切实保障和改善民生，加快形成法治保障的社会管理体制，为全面建成小康社会提供有力的司法保障，最高人民法院根据《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》、《中华人民共和国合同法》、《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法》、《中华人民共和国保险法》、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》等法律的相关规定，结合审判实践，经审判委员会第1556次会议讨论，，通过了《最高人民法院关于审理道路交通事故损害赔偿案件适用法律若干问题的解释》，此解释解决了全国各地法院在审理机动车道路交通事故的案件时，将肇事机动车辆承保的保险公司列为何种诉讼地位。投保人与保险公司可以在保险合同中约定受害第三人享有直接请求权，但本文探讨的是由法律设定产生的受害第三人直接请求权，也就是法律赋予的直接请求权。
[Abstract]:At present, the rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles, promote frequent traffic accidents, become one of the factors of social instability. Because of the common people's awareness of traffic safety, the road traffic order lags behind, resulting in a large increase in road traffic accidents and a significant increase in the number of cases. According to the statistics of the court reports, in 2007, the court system accepted 296969 disputes over compensation for damages caused by motor vehicle traffic accidents in the first instance, accounting for 6.3 percent of the civil first instance cases; in 2008, 375082 cases were accepted, accounting for 6.9 percent of the civil first instance cases; and in 2009, 464703 cases were accepted. In 2010, 612596 cases were accepted, accounting for 10.1% of the total number of civil first instance cases; 744570 cases were accepted in 2011, accounting for 11.33% of the total number of civil first instance cases; and in the first half of 2012, the number of cases reached 403476. In terms of absolute number and proportion, the dispute cases of motor vehicle road traffic accident damage compensation are on the rise. How to effectively solve social contradictions, promote social harmony and stability, protect the legitimate rights and interests of accident victims in time, and highlight the justice and majesty of the law are the realistic problems in front of the people's court. After the promulgation of the Insurance Law of the people's Republic of China, the Road Traffic Safety Law of the people's Republic of China and the regulations on compulsory Insurance for Motor vehicle Traffic Accidents, Whether the right of direct claim is given to the third party is controversial in theory and practice. In order to implement the major strategic plan of "five in one" put forward by the 18th National Congress of the Party, to ensure and improve the people's livelihood, to speed up the formation of a social management system guaranteed by the rule of law, and to provide a strong judicial guarantee for the building of a well-off society in an all-round way, The Supreme people's Court, in accordance with the Law of the people's Republic of China on Tort liability, the contract Law of the people's Republic of China, the Road Traffic Safety Law of the people's Republic of China, the Insurance Law of the people's Republic of China, the Civil procedure of the people's Republic of China The relevant provisions of laws, such as laws, In connection with trial practice, discussed at the 1556 meeting of the trial Committee, The Supreme people's Court has adopted the interpretation of the Law applicable to hearing cases of compensation for damages caused by Road Traffic Accidents. This interpretation has solved the problems of courts throughout the country in hearing cases of road traffic accidents involving motor vehicles. What kind of litigation status will the insurance company insured by the motor vehicle involved in the accident be listed as? The policyholder and the insurance company can agree in the insurance contract that the injured third party has the direct claim right, but this article discusses the direct claim right of the injured third party produced by the law, that is, the direct claim right given by the law.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.284
本文编号：2286961
[Abstract]:At present, the rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles, promote frequent traffic accidents, become one of the factors of social instability. Because of the common people's awareness of traffic safety, the road traffic order lags behind, resulting in a large increase in road traffic accidents and a significant increase in the number of cases. According to the statistics of the court reports, in 2007, the court system accepted 296969 disputes over compensation for damages caused by motor vehicle traffic accidents in the first instance, accounting for 6.3 percent of the civil first instance cases; in 2008, 375082 cases were accepted, accounting for 6.9 percent of the civil first instance cases; and in 2009, 464703 cases were accepted. In 2010, 612596 cases were accepted, accounting for 10.1% of the total number of civil first instance cases; 744570 cases were accepted in 2011, accounting for 11.33% of the total number of civil first instance cases; and in the first half of 2012, the number of cases reached 403476. In terms of absolute number and proportion, the dispute cases of motor vehicle road traffic accident damage compensation are on the rise. How to effectively solve social contradictions, promote social harmony and stability, protect the legitimate rights and interests of accident victims in time, and highlight the justice and majesty of the law are the realistic problems in front of the people's court. After the promulgation of the Insurance Law of the people's Republic of China, the Road Traffic Safety Law of the people's Republic of China and the regulations on compulsory Insurance for Motor vehicle Traffic Accidents, Whether the right of direct claim is given to the third party is controversial in theory and practice. In order to implement the major strategic plan of "five in one" put forward by the 18th National Congress of the Party, to ensure and improve the people's livelihood, to speed up the formation of a social management system guaranteed by the rule of law, and to provide a strong judicial guarantee for the building of a well-off society in an all-round way, The Supreme people's Court, in accordance with the Law of the people's Republic of China on Tort liability, the contract Law of the people's Republic of China, the Road Traffic Safety Law of the people's Republic of China, the Insurance Law of the people's Republic of China, the Civil procedure of the people's Republic of China The relevant provisions of laws, such as laws, In connection with trial practice, discussed at the 1556 meeting of the trial Committee, The Supreme people's Court has adopted the interpretation of the Law applicable to hearing cases of compensation for damages caused by Road Traffic Accidents. This interpretation has solved the problems of courts throughout the country in hearing cases of road traffic accidents involving motor vehicles. What kind of litigation status will the insurance company insured by the motor vehicle involved in the accident be listed as? The policyholder and the insurance company can agree in the insurance contract that the injured third party has the direct claim right, but this article discusses the direct claim right of the injured third party produced by the law, that is, the direct claim right given by the law.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.284
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