论网络游戏虚拟财产交易的民事法律保护

发布时间：2018-10-24 19:22

【摘要】：21世纪，是网络信息技术的时代。网络信息技术的发展改变了人类的经济发展结构和生活方式。网络信息技术为人类创造了现实世界之外的虚拟世界，而网络游戏无疑是培育这个虚拟世界的主力军。随着网络游戏的发展，虚拟财产成为人类再一次认识的新事物，网络游戏虚拟财产交易变得非常普遍，甚至有人专司网络游戏并将所获得的虚拟财产出售获利。在我们尚未清楚界定虚拟财产的本质之前，网络游戏虚拟财产交易及相关纠纷已经层出不穷。网络时代，财产法律制度的变革和创新是整个法律制度发展的主旋律。虚拟财产的出现既是对传统财产法律制度的挑战也是其发展的助推剂。虚拟财产权，是传统财产法律制度面对因网络而产生的利益关系所必须作出的回应。当下，对于虚拟财产的研究，并未终结而是刚刚开始。就目前的研究成果而言，大多集中在其法律地位、权利性质、法律保护等方面，对虚拟财产交易各方的法律关系则少有论及，而恰恰后者才是虚拟财产研究的核心，因为法律最终调整、保护地是人与人之间的利益平衡关系，也只有在分析清楚交易各方的权利义务关系后，才能适用正确的法律予以保护。本文选取狭义概念上的虚拟财产，即网络游戏虚拟财产为讨论视角，重点围绕虚拟财产交易的模式、各方民事法律关系（权利义务内容）展开讨论，同时在分析国外、国内虚拟财产交易保护现状的基础上，明确提出我国虚拟财产交易的法律适用。本文共分为三个部分。第一部分，首先列举了一则案例，提出现实虚拟财产纠纷中需思考的问题；其次，介绍了虚拟财产的由来及虚拟财产交易的形成，明确了网络游戏虚拟财产指仅存在于软件程序、信息数据构成的网络模拟世界中，在现实世界中没有相对应存在，以电磁记录方式存储于服务器内，并以特定图像、数字形式表现的虚拟物品；然后，分析了虚拟财产具有虚拟性、依附性、期限性、合法性四个特性，包含游戏账号及其角色等级、虚拟货币、虚拟道具三个类型；随之，论证了虚拟财产属于民法上的物，是物权的客体，对网络游戏虚拟财产进行理论界定；最后，陈述了学界对网络游戏虚拟财产权性质的不同观点，在分析网络游戏虚拟财产权性质的理论基础之上，确定网络游戏虚拟财产权的物权性质，为特殊的一种动产所有权，权利人为玩家。第二部分，为全文的重点部分。首先，，以游戏程序内外为区分，介绍了网络游戏虚拟财产交易模式主要分三种，即游戏外虚拟财产交易模式之官方虚拟财产交易模式及非官方虚拟财产交易模式、游戏内虚拟财产交易模式；其次，肯定了前述模式中的虚拟财产交易之合法性；然后，特别重点分析了前述模式中各方主体的民事法律关系（权利义务内容）；紧接着，列举了虚拟财产交易在主体、客体、支付方式方面的特殊性；最后，探讨了非法取得虚拟财产的处理规则，即以外挂方式取得的虚拟财产只要满足善意取得制度，买受人便可取得所有权。第三部分，首先介绍了网络游戏虚拟财产交易中经常出现的因欺诈、虚拟财产来源不合法而造成的纠纷问题，论证了网络游戏虚拟财产交易保护的必要性；其次，在讨论国内外网络游戏虚拟财产交易保护现状之后，提出了我国网络游戏虚拟财产交易民事立法、司法（包括物权法、侵权法、合同法方面）、程序保护建议。
[Abstract]:The 21st century is the era of network information technology. The development of network information technology has changed the structure of human's economic development and the way of life. Network information technology has created the virtual world outside the real world for mankind, and online game is undoubtedly the main force to cultivate this virtual world. With the development of the network game, the virtual property becomes the new thing to be recognized once again, the online game virtual property transaction becomes very popular, even someone specialized department network game and sell the obtained virtual property to profit. Before we clearly define the essence of virtual property, online game virtual property transactions and related disputes have emerged. In the network times, the change and innovation of the property legal system is the main part of the development of the whole legal system The emergence of virtual property is not only the challenge to the traditional property legal system, but also its development The virtual property right, which is the traditional property legal system, must be made in the face of the interest relation arising from the network Response. Now, for virtual property research, it's not over, but just At the beginning, most of the present research results focus on the legal status, the nature of rights, the legal protection and so on. The legal relationship between the parties to the virtual property transaction is seldom dealt with, but the latter is the core of the virtual property research, because the law finally Adjustment and protection are the balance of interests between people and people, and the right laws can be applied only after analyzing the relationship between the rights and obligations of the parties to the transaction. This article chooses the virtual property in the narrow sense, that is, the virtual property of the network game is the discussion angle, focuses on the mode of the virtual property transaction, the civil legal relation (the content of the rights and obligations) of all parties, and at the same time, analyzes the basis of the status quo of the foreign and domestic virtual property transaction protection. The Law of China's Virtual Property Transaction on the Basis of the Law of the People's Republic of China This article is divided into three parts: In the first part, the first part lists a case, puts forward the problems that need to be thought in the real virtual property disputes; secondly, introduces the formation of the virtual property and the virtual property transaction, and clearly shows that the virtual property of the network game only exists. In a network simulation world composed of software programs and information data, there is no relative existence in the real world, stored in the server in an electromagnetic recording mode, The four characteristics of sex, time limit and legitimacy include three types of game account number and its character grade, virtual currency and virtual prop. Then, it proves that the virtual property belongs to the object of civil law, is the object of real right, and carries on the theory to the virtual property of network game. At last, it sets forth the different views of the nature of virtual property rights of online games in academic circles. On the basis of analyzing the nature of virtual property rights of network games, it determines the nature of real right of virtual property rights of network games, and is a special kind of chattel ownership and right. the li man is a player. the second part, Firstly, the virtual property transaction model of online game is mainly divided into three categories, namely, the official virtual property transaction model and unofficial virtual property transaction model of the virtual property transaction mode of the game, the virtual wealth in the game, secondly, the legality of the virtual property transaction in the previous mode is confirmed; then, the civil legal relation (the content of rights and obligations) of each party in the previous mode is particularly analyzed, and then the virtual property transaction is listed in the main body, the object and the payment method. Finally, the article discusses the processing rule of illegally acquiring virtual property, that is, the virtual property acquired by other than hanging mode can only satisfy the good faith acquisition system and buy the goods. The third part introduces the problem of disputes arising from fraud and fictitious property source in online game virtual property transaction, and proves the virtual property of network game. Secondly, after discussing the current situation of online game virtual property transaction protection at home and abroad, the author puts forward the civil legislation, judicial (including property law, tort law, contract) of online game virtual property in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923

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