论商业银行在个人理财业务中的告知义务

发布时间：2018-11-22 10:55

【摘要】：我国商业银行的个人理财业务虽然起步较晚，但经过十几年的发展，市场规模不断扩大，理财产品不断创新，理财客户也不断增长。银行因具有专业的金融服务、健全的服务网络和良好的信用担保，其提供的个人理财服务深受广大投资者的青睐。目前银行的个人理财业务已然成为银行重要的中间业务。特别是在全球经历了金融危机之后，更多的投资者都选择银行提供的理财服务作为其资金保值增值的途径。很多银行抓住了投资者的心理和整个金融市场的运作特点，纷纷推出了各种类型的理财产品。但是我国的理财业务走的是先实践后立法的发展路径，在实践中也暴露出不少法律问题。投资者与银行之间的法律关系不够明晰，法律对投资者的保护力度不够，尤其在理财产品运作过程中的投资者与银行间的信息不透明导致了很多纠纷的产生。加上现在的理财产品越来越专业化、复杂化和技术性，远远不是普通投资者按其一般水平和能力所能驾驭的。商业银行作为理财产品的推出者，在信息、能力和地位上都占优势，其信息的充分告知对于获取投资者信任，维护金融市场的稳定、减少法律纠纷具有重要的意义。如果只是一味强调商业银行自身利益，对投资者知情权的保护不闻不问，那么商业银行的业务也不会走得长远。本文以商业银行告知义务作为论文论述的中心。第一章首先概述目前我国商业银行个人理财义务发展的现状，根据目前围绕信息不透明诉讼较多的趋势引出银行告知义务的必要性，阐释银行告知义务的内涵、特点以及意义。第二章主要是阐述银行告知义务的理论基础。主要是从经济学基础、合同法基础和消费者保护基础三个角度进行分析。经济学基础包括：信息不对称、理财产品的风险性、银行和客户间的利益冲突三个方面。合同法基础主要是从合同法的诚信原则出发，，加上理财合同中格式条款的说明义务来阐述告知义务的必要性。消费者保护基础一节引出金融消费者概念，说明理财合同消费合同的性质，通过银行履行告知义务来保障金融消费者的知情权。第三章评析银行在个人理财业务中告知义务的履行现状。第一节从现有法律法规中阐述银行履行告知义务的事项、方式和标准。第二节从实践出发发现银行在履行告知义务中存在的问题。第三节从法律角度分析存在的法律问题，即法制不健全、金融消费者保护制度缺失、司法上操作难和司法救济不畅。第四章提出完善银行告知义务的建议。通过借鉴国外的立法和制度，提出要提高银行告知义务的法律位阶，完善金融消费者保护机制，在司法实践中确定告知义务的履行标准和确立银行违反告知义务的民事责任四个建议。
[Abstract]:Although the personal finance business of commercial banks in our country started relatively late, after more than ten years' development, the market scale is expanding, the financial management products are innovating constantly, and the clients of financial management are also increasing. Because of its professional financial services, sound service network and good credit guarantee, banks are favored by the majority of investors for their personal financial services. At present, the personal finance business of the bank has become an important intermediary business of the bank. Especially after the global financial crisis, more and more investors choose the financial services provided by banks as a way to maintain and increase the value of their funds. Many banks have seized on the psychology of investors and the operating characteristics of the entire financial market and launched various types of wealth management products. However, the financial management business of our country follows the development path of first practice and then legislation, and also exposes a lot of legal problems in practice. The legal relationship between investors and banks is not clear enough, and the legal protection of investors is not strong enough, especially in the operation of financial products between investors and banks in the process of information opacity has led to a lot of disputes. Now, the financial products are becoming more and more professional, complicated and technical, which is far beyond the average level and ability of ordinary investors. Commercial banks, as financial product promoters, have advantages in information, ability and position. It is of great significance to obtain investors' trust, maintain the stability of financial market and reduce legal disputes. If we only emphasize the interests of commercial banks and ignore the protection of investors' right to know, then the business of commercial banks will not go far. This paper takes the obligation of informing the commercial bank as the center of the thesis. The first chapter first summarizes the current situation of the development of personal financial obligations of commercial banks in China, according to the current trend of information opacity litigation leads to the necessity of the obligation of informing banks, explains the connotation, characteristics and significance of the obligation to inform banks. The second chapter mainly expounds the theoretical basis of the bank's obligation to inform. Mainly from the economics foundation, the contract law foundation and the consumer protection foundation three angle carries on the analysis. The economic foundation includes three aspects: information asymmetry, risk of financial products and conflicts of interest between banks and clients. The basis of contract law is mainly based on the principle of good faith in contract law and the obligation to explain the form clause in the financial management contract to explain the necessity of the obligation to inform. The foundation of consumer protection introduces the concept of financial consumer, explains the nature of financial contract consumption contract, and protects the financial consumer's right to know through the bank to fulfill the obligation of informing. The third chapter analyzes the current situation of the bank's obligation to inform in the personal finance business. The first section sets forth the matters, methods and standards of the bank's obligation to inform from the existing laws and regulations. The second section finds out the problems existing in the bank's performance of the obligation of informing. The third section analyzes the existing legal problems from the legal point of view, that is, the legal system is imperfect, the financial consumer protection system is missing, the judicial operation is difficult and the judicial relief is not smooth. The fourth chapter puts forward the suggestion of perfecting the bank's obligation of informing. By using foreign legislation and system for reference, it is proposed to improve the legal rank of the bank's obligation to inform and perfect the financial consumer protection mechanism. In judicial practice, four suggestions are proposed: to determine the standard of fulfilling the obligation of notification and to establish the civil liability of the bank for breach of the obligation of notification.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.281

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