论不可分之债

发布时间：2019-01-05 15:59

【摘要】： 由性质上、双方约定或法律规定而形成的给付不可分的多数人之债,为不可分之债。不可分之债对传统大陆法系国家来说是一个不可或缺的制度,而在我国的民法体系中它却被遗忘了。本文就力图探究它被遗忘的原因,进而努力使它在我国未来民法典里重见天日,发扬光大。不可分之债是可分之债的对称,是以给付可分与否为标准对债进行的一种划分,它们又经常与债的另一种分类方法纠缠在一起,即以债的主体关系为标准而进行划分的连带之债和按份之债。故而在分析进路上,我采取了“鸳鸯战略”,让这四个概念成双成对的出现,并且在共时的和历时的两个维度来分析其关系,通过制度分析和语源探究两种方法对现代民法和罗马法上的不可分之债进行立体透视。除引言外,本文共分三章。引言是对本文为何研究不可分之债的说明。第一章是从不可分之债与连带之债的关系角度考察了不可分之债的历史流变。首先,从界定与不可分之债相关概念入手,展示了上述四个两组概念之牵连,其次,从词源学的角度来分析这些概念,最后,从罗马法原始文献出发考察其中最关键的两个概念(即不可分之债与连带之债)之间关系。第二章是研究不可分之债的最核心概念——给付不可分。首先,分析了给付概念及其类型,其次,根据给付的三种不同类型,将给付不可分类型化和细致化,最后,清理了在此领域存在的三个典型误解。第三章在前两章研究基础上力图建构完善的不可分之债的具体制度。首先,总结了不可分之债的实质特征和形式特征。其次,设计了不可分之债的具体条文并分析如此规定之理由。本文的主要创新之处在于明确了不可分之债的概念,清理了此领域长期处在的误解,为我国未来民法典之制定在此领域提供了理论基础。
[Abstract]:By nature, the obligation to pay an indivisible majority formed by agreement or by law is an inalienable debt. The inexorable debt is an indispensable system to the traditional civil law system, but it is forgotten in the civil law system of our country. This paper tries to explore the reason why it was forgotten, and then try to make it in the future civil code of our country to see the sun again, carry forward. The indelible debt is the symmetry of the divisible debt, a division of the debt by the criterion of whether it is payable or not, and they are often entangled with another method of classification of the debt, That is to say, the joint debt and the debt by share are divided according to the subject relationship of the debt. So on the way to analysis, I adopted the "mandarin duck strategy," where these four concepts appeared in pairs, and analyzed their relationships in both synchronic and diachronic dimensions. Through institutional analysis and etymological exploration, this paper makes a stereoscopic perspective on the insoluble debts in modern civil law and Roman law. In addition to the introduction, this paper is divided into three chapters. The preface is an explanation of why this paper studies inexorable debt. The first chapter examines the historical evolution of the insoluble debt from the angle of the relationship between the insoluble debt and the joint debt. First of all, starting with the definition and the concept of insoluble debt, it shows the implication of the above four groups of concepts. Secondly, it analyzes these concepts from the perspective of etymology. Based on the original documents of Roman law, the relationship between the two most important concepts (that is, the insoluble debt and the joint debt) is studied. The second chapter is to study the most core concept of insoluble debt-payment is inseparable. Firstly, the concept and types of payment are analyzed. Secondly, according to the three different types of payment, the payment can not be classified and detailed. Finally, three typical misunderstandings in this field are cleared up. The third chapter tries to construct the perfect system of insoluble debt on the basis of the first two chapters. Firstly, the paper summarizes the essential and formal characteristics of insoluble debt. Secondly, it designs the specific provisions and analyzes the reasons for this. The main innovation of this paper is to clarify the concept of insoluble debt, to clear up the misunderstanding in this field for a long time, and to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of our future civil code in this field.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D913

【引证文献】