从统一到分裂:英美两国先合同信息披露义务的比较法考察

发布时间：2019-03-09 08:55

【摘要】：在是否接纳一般性披露义务以对合同当事人缔约中的信息不对称进行私法干预的态度上,英美两国可谓大相径庭。由于美国立法、司法界普遍接受了缔约中的诚信和公平交易理念,传统的买方自慎规则已逐渐被美国所抛弃,一般性披露义务得以确立于其法律体系。而囿于经济自由主义,英国虽曾在判例法上短暂地引入过一般性披露义务,且在现行的成文法上也存在披露义务所需的制度基础,但一般性披露义务却仍被当下的英国法院所断然否定。以历史沿革为进路,梳理披露义务在英美两国的制度变迁过程以及当前的制度样态,应能对我国合同法尽早将披露义务接纳为一般性先合同义务提供合理性证成和制度样板。
[Abstract]:In terms of whether to accept the general obligation of disclosure to interfere with the information asymmetry between the parties to the contract, the United Kingdom and the United States are very different from each other in the view of whether to accept the general obligation of disclosure to intervene in private law. Due to American legislation, judicial circles generally accepted the concept of good faith and fair trade in the contracting parties. The traditional buyer's self-care rule has been gradually abandoned by the United States, and the general disclosure obligation has been established in its legal system. However, because of economic liberalism, Britain has briefly introduced general disclosure obligations in case law, and there is also the institutional basis for disclosure obligations in the current statute law. But the general obligation to disclose is still categorically denied by the current British courts. Taking historical evolution as the approach, combing the process of institutional change and current institutional patterns of disclosure obligations in Britain and the United States, we should be able to provide reasonable evidence and institutional model for China's contract law to accept disclosure obligations as a general pre-contract obligation as soon as possible.
【作者单位】：华南理工大学法学院;
【基金】：中国法学会部级课题“先合同信息披露法律制度研究:基础理论与制度建构”(CLS(2013)D148) 华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2013BS03)
【分类号】：D913

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