债务承担实务问题研究

发布时间：2019-03-09 18:00

【摘要】：随着我国市场经济的深入发展,为便于结算及保证债权有效得以实现,交易主体常将自己的债务全部或部分转移给第三人,与经济领域相呼应的是,在司法实务中涉及债务承担的案件层出不穷,但目前我国的债务承担制度还存在许多问题。首先,在我国的法律文献中深入讨论债务承担的理论相对较少,且大部分理论对债务承担制度仅作了原则性的阐述,没有从实务角度进行深入分析。其次,就我国目前的立法情况而言,虽然在《民法通则》和《合同法》中均对合同义务的转移作出了规定,但我国目前关于债务承担的相关立法还不够完善。最后,虽然在司法实务中涉及债务承担的案例比比皆是,但因我国关于债务承担的理论还不够成熟,相关法律规定较为笼统以及债务承担本身所涉及关系的复杂性,各级法院在债务承担性质认定方面存在模糊点,法官有很大的自由裁量权,相类似案件作出不同判决的现象屡见不鲜。基于上述原因,笔者认为针对债务承担问题进行实务方面研究是很有必要的。本文以相关案例为基础对债务承担制度进行论述,共分为五部分。第一部分笔者将分析我国债务承担案件司法审判现状及其存在的问题;第二部分是关于债务承担成立的司法判断问题;第三部分通过引入具体案例论述免责债务承担与并存债务承担的性质认定问题;第四部分和第五部分涉及到债务承担与其相似制度的甄别问题。本文采取债务承担理论与具体实务案例相结合的方法进行研究,是为了进一步明确债务承担理论如何在司法实践中得以运用的问题,以求对司法实务有所帮助。
[Abstract]:With the in-depth development of the market economy in China, in order to facilitate the settlement and guarantee the effective realization of creditor's rights, transaction subjects often transfer their debts to third parties in whole or in part, which corresponds to the economic field. There are a lot of cases involving debt burden in judicial practice, but there are still many problems in the debt bearing system of our country. First of all, there are relatively few in-depth discussions on debt commitment in the legal literature of our country, and most of the theories have only made a principled exposition of the debt undertaking system, but have not carried on the in-depth analysis from the practical angle. Secondly, as far as the current legislation of our country is concerned, although the transfer of contractual obligations has been stipulated in the General principles of Civil Law and the contract Law, the relevant legislation on debt commitment in our country is not perfect at present. Finally, although there are numerous cases involving debt commitment in judicial practice, because the theory of debt commitment in our country is not mature enough, the relevant legal provisions are more general and the complexity of the relationship involved in debt undertaking itself, The courts at all levels have a vague point in determining the nature of debt commitment, judges have a great discretion, similar cases to make different judgments are common phenomena. Based on the above reasons, the author believes that it is necessary to study the practical aspects of debt commitment. Based on the relevant cases, this paper discusses the debt-bearing system, which is divided into five parts. In the first part, the author will analyze the current situation of judicial trial in debt-bearing cases in China and its existing problems, and the second part is about the judicial judgment of the establishment of debt-bearing cases. The third part discusses the nature of liability exemption and co-existing debt by introducing specific cases, and the fourth and fifth part deals with the discrimination of the similar system of debt commitment. The purpose of this paper is to further clarify the problem of how to use the debt-bearing theory in judicial practice in order to help judicial practice by combining the debt-bearing theory with the concrete practical cases in order to further clarify the issue of how the debt-bearing theory can be used in judicial practice.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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