夫妻财产制度中个人财产研究

发布时间：2018-02-02 00:05

本文关键词： 法定夫妻财产夫妻个人债务个人财产范围　出处：《南昌大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：早在古罗马时期就已经有了夫妻约定财产制度,近代资本主义的契约理论发展起来后,形成了现代意义的夫妻约定财产制。我国1950年《婚姻法》未作直接规定；1980年《婚姻法》正式确立夫妻约定财产制,仅将约定财产制作为法定财产制的补充而存在,规定得过于简单,司法实践中难以操作；2001年《关于修改(中华人民共和国婚姻法的决定》,进一步完善了夫妻约定财产制,并把约定财产制放到了和法定财产制相同的重要位置,并赋予其有优先适用的效力。在我国,目前应用最多的财产制度就是法定财产制,夫妻在保留有婚姻关系期间的财产处理方法是按照法定财产制度的规定来的,可见,法定财产制度同样在夫妻财产处理中拥有重要地位。新婚姻法已经修订并使用了七年,虽然引入个人财产的规定,适应并满足当今中国社会经济发展和婚姻、家庭关系的需要,但在内容、范围及管理上仍有许多不明确及不完善之处。随着我国社会经济的发展,家庭成员就业渠道、经营方式和社会财富分配机制多样化的发展,财产来源也呈现为多样化,财产呈不断增大的趋势,另外,离婚后夫妻间关于财产的争议也越来越复杂,财产纠纷使得社会矛盾增加,而7年前制定的新婚姻法中的内容已经有很多不再适用于解决当今复杂多变的夫妻间财产纠纷,所以仍然需要进一步的修改和完善。本文分析了我国的法定夫妻财产制,明确夫妻个人债务的承担规则和范围规定、夫妻个人财产的概念规定以及包括范围,揭示了现行法定夫妻财产制中的不足,考量夫妻财产补偿请求等制度的完善程度、夫妻个人财产的权利行使,并对我国夫妻财产制的立法提出了新的建议。本文可分为以下三部分：第一章：基本概述法定夫妻财产制度。明确关于法定夫妻财产制度的基本概念,研究关于我国法定夫妻财产制中个人财产的地位,同时与其他国家的法定夫妻财产制比对分析,研究各国不同法定夫妻财产制的立法追求结论及其法律界定我国夫妻拥有个人财产的重要意义。第二章：分析我国法定夫妻财产制度。在与其他国家的法定夫妻财产制度进行对比研究后,总结出我国法定夫妻财产制度存在的优势和不足之处,再者,明确界定了夫妻个人债务的范围及承担规则以及对夫妻个人财产的内容及范围,探讨研究行使法定夫妻个人财产权利。第三章：总结提出修订完善我国现行法定夫妻财产制的立法建议。内容主要包括：完善法定夫妻财产制中夫妻个人财产的性质和归属范围,本文认为夫妻个人财产一般性质应该在制度中有所规定,对夫妻个人财产和夫妻个人债务的范围做好划分；在行使夫妻个人财产的权利和承担相应的义务和责任方面,应该明确个人财产的权利行使规则,明确夫妻个人债务的承担规则,并且要增设夫妻财产补偿请求权。宏观指导我国婚姻法中建立公平原则。
[Abstract]:In the ancient Rome had marital property system, the contract theory of modern capitalism developed, the formation of agreed property system in the modern sense. The couple in China in 1950 "marriage law" is not directly specified; 1980 < marriage law > the formal establishment of the promissory marital property system, only the agreement property is added the legal property system and the provisions are too simple, difficult to operate in the judicial practice; 2001 (decision on Amending < >, the marriage law in People's Republic of China to further improve the marital property system, and the agreed property system to the legal property system and an important position, and give it the same priority efficacy. Property disposal methods in our country, most of the current application of property system is the legal property system, the couple in the preserved during the marriage is in accordance with the provisions of the statutory property system to the visible, The legal property system also has an important position in the treatment of husband and wife property.
The new marriage law has been revised and used for seven years, although the provisions of the introduction of personal property, and to meet the Chinese social economic development and the need of marriage, family relations, but in the content, scope and management are not clear and there are still many shortcomings. With the development of our social economy, employment of family members mode of operation, and the social wealth distribution mechanism of diversified development, the source of the property is also presented for the diversification of property showed increasing trend, in addition, after the divorce between husband and wife about property disputes has become increasingly complex, making social contradictions and disputes over property increase, the new marriage law and 7 years ago in the formulation of the content has been a lot longer applicable to today's complex marital property disputes, so still need to be further amended and improved.
This paper analyzes China's matrimonial property system, specifically tocouplespersonal debt commitment rules and the scope of the provisions of regulations, the concept of individual property, including the scope, reveals the deficiencies of the existing statutory marital property system, matrimonial property system considering compensation request perfect degree, individual property right exercise, and put forward new ideas on the marital property system of our country's legislation.
This article can be divided into the following three parts:
The first chapter: the matrimonial property system. A basic overview of defining the basic concept about matrimonial property system, study on personal property legal marital property system of our country's status, and analysis and the statutory matrimonial property system than other countries, countries of different statutory marital property system legislation and the legal definition of China's pursuit of conclusion couples have the significance of personal property.
The second chapter: analysis of the statutory matrimonial property system in China. Compared with other countries in the matrimonial property system, summarizes the existing statutory marital property system of our country's advantages and disadvantages, moreover, clearly defines the scope of the personal debts and obligations and rules of individual property content and scope. Study on the exercise of statutory matrimonial personal property rights.
The third chapter: summary of proposed legislative amendments to improve the current statutory marital property system of our country. The main content includes: improving the properties of a couple of legal marital property system of personal property ownership and scope, this paper believes that the nature of matrimonial personal property should be stipulated in the system, the scope of individual property and the personal debts to division; in the exercise of individual property rights and undertake corresponding obligations and responsibilities should be clear, the rules for exercising personal property rights, undertake clear rules and personal debt, and to the creation of husband and wife property right to request compensation. The establishment of a fair principle of marriage law of macro guidance in our country.

【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.9

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