利益衡量视角下的立法问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 16:09

本文选题：利益冲突　切入点：利益衡量　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放的深入发展带动我国经济社会进入了转型时期，利益主体和利益需求呈现出多元化的特点，共同存在于同一场域的多元利益主体共同争夺着有限的资源，使得利益冲突越来越明显。立法作为一种具有强制力和普遍性的社会规范产生于对利益冲突的调适过程中，其通过对冲突中的某一方利益的确认实现权利分配和对冲突的化解。在对冲突中各方利益进行识别和选择的过程中，利益衡量方法就显得尤为重要。利益衡量方法自上世纪90年代，被梁慧星教授译到我国，引起了学术界的广泛关注，并在民法、行政法等多个法学部门的司法实践中有所应用。利益衡量作为一种法学研究方法，它具有普遍适用的价值。但在立法中运用这一方法的研究还不够充分，本文尝试对立法中的利益衡量方法进行分析研究，以抛砖引玉。本文第一部分是对利益衡量理论内涵的阐释。在这一部分，主要揭示了立法的价值追求是立法的灵魂所在，利益冲突是立法的导火线，并阐述了利益衡量方法的内涵及理论基础，，揭示了利益冲突的内涵及我国利益冲突的特点。立法正是从宏观上抑制利益冲突发生的手段，如果要实现和谐的处理利益冲突，就应当理性立法，争取实现立法正义。文章第二部分主要论证了利益衡量理论运用于立法实践中的必要性和可行性。对于必要性的论证主要从确定利益主体和利益需求、化解利益冲突、平衡利益分配、促进立法公开四个角度加以论述。并从公民参与意识、社会制度和立法听证制度三个方面说明将利益衡量论运用于立法中的可行性。由此可知，将利益衡量方法植入立法中是十分必要和可行的。文章的第三部分主要介绍了利益衡量论运用于立法实践中的过程和遵循的原则。立法中的利益衡量主要表现为利益识别阶段和利益选择阶段，在利益选择阶段，立法者主要进行价值分析、经济分析和平衡分析。利益衡量作为一种思考方法具有主观局限性，因此应遵循自由表达、平等原则和综合利益最大化原则。文章的最后一部分，以我国《婚姻法解释三》为例，运用利益衡量方法分析这一法律解释背后的利益博弈和价值追求。作为立法方法论的利益衡量论的提出将为当代中国实现理性立法、立法公正公开提供有力的理论武器。
[Abstract]:China's economic society has entered into the transformation period led to the development of reform and opening-up, stakeholders and the needs of diversified, multi stakeholder co existed in the same field to compete for limited resources, the conflict of interests is more and more obvious. As a kind of social standard legislation in force and universal produced in the adjustment process of conflicts of interest, through the confirmation of one side in the conflict of interests on the realization of the rights allocation and conflict resolution. In the process of identification and selection of the interests of all parties in the conflict, it is particularly important to benefit measure method. The method of balancing of interests since the last century in 90s, by Liang Huixing professor of translation in China, has aroused widespread concern in academic circles, and has been applied in civil law, the judicial practice of administrative law and other law departments. As a measure of interest of law The method is generally applicable. However, the research on the application of this method is not enough in legislation. This paper tries to analyze and study the method of interest measurement in legislation, so as to give some suggestions.
The first part is the theoretical connotation of interest measurement interpretation. In this part, mainly discusses the legislative value pursuit is the soul of legislation, the legislative conflict of interest is the fuse, and expounds the connotation and theoretical basis of the method of balancing of interests, reveals the characteristics and connotation of conflict of interest of China's legislation of conflict of interests. Is the inhibition of conflict of interest means from the macro, if dealing with conflicts of interest and to realize the harmony, should strive to achieve rational legislation, legislation and justice.
The second part mainly expounds the necessity and feasibility of balancing of interests theory in the legislative practice. The necessity of determining mainly from stakeholders and demand, conflict of interest, balance the distribution of interests, promoting the legislation in public four angles are discussed. And the sense of participation from citizens, three aspects of social system and legislation the hearing system will benefit measure theory used in the feasibility of legislation. Therefore, it is necessary and feasible to measure the interests of implant legislation.
The third part mainly introduces the interest measure theory used in the process of legislative practice and principles of legislation. In the interests of the measure mainly choose stage for identify the interests and interests, interests in the selection stage, legislators mainly value analysis, economic analysis and balance of interests of the measure. As a kind of thinking method it has subjective limitation, therefore should follow the principle of equality and freedom of expression, comprehensive benefit maximization principle.
The last part of the article, to China's marriage law explain three < > as an example, the application of interest measurement analysis of the legal interpretation behind the interests of the game and the pursuit of value. As a legislative methodology of the contemporary Chinese put forward for the realization of rational legislation, legislative justice provides a powerful theoretical weapon.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D920.0

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