离婚损害赔偿制度的研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 23:25

本文选题：婚姻制度 + 离婚　；参考：《复旦大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国2001年《婚姻法》修正案顺应了稳定婚姻家庭关系的需要,将离婚损害赔偿制度引入我国,填补了法律空白。随着新婚姻法实施10年以来,在婚姻家庭中也出现了一些新情况、新问题。离婚损害赔偿制度体现了对婚姻家庭关系中无过错方的法律保护,是我国婚姻立法的一大重要突破,也使得我国婚姻家庭制度进一步完善。但同时我们不难发现,该制度本身仍不健全,在司法实践中如何更好的理解和适用该制度,就成为当前极有意义,又亟待解决的一个问题。本文将从以下方面进行分析：第一章是离婚救济制度概述。分别从离婚损害赔偿制度的概念、历史、理论依据、性质和功能等方面进行阐述,明确界定了离婚损害赔偿制度的法律性质属于特殊的违约责任。第二章关于这一制度的我国的相关法律规定以及实务操作问题。包括了离婚损害赔偿制度的适用情形、构成要件、赔偿范围以及赔偿数额的确定等几个重要问题。第三章是关于对大陆法系、英美法系主要国家和我国香港、澳门及台湾的离婚损害赔偿制度的的不同立法介绍与比较。通过比较发现域外立法的长处与不足,从中汲取精华,以期对我国该制度的进一步完善提出合理化建议。“他山之石,可以攻玉”,学习和借鉴域外离婚损害赔偿制度,对于起步较晚的我国离婚损害赔偿制度具有重要参考价值。第四章是我国离婚损害赔偿制度的反思。针对我国离婚救济制度的立法现状和存在的不足进行剖析,提出了完善我国离婚救济制度的对策。针对以上问题,笔者将提出以下完善建议：一是拓宽请求权主体和赔偿义务主体范围；二是取消对于离婚损害赔偿的适用限制,增加该制度所适用的情形；三是完善离婚损害赔偿举证责任之规定；四是明确离婚损害赔偿责任的承担方式；五是规制离婚损害赔偿数额。离婚损害赔偿制度的建立符合我国的现实需要,也符合法律所追求的基本价值。相信随着离婚损害赔偿制度理论研究的深入和司法实践的发展,该制度必将愈加完善,充分发挥其应有的法律功能,体现社会的公平和正义。
[Abstract]:The amendment of our country's Marriage Law in 2001 complied with the need of stabilizing marriage and family relations. The system of divorce damage compensation was introduced into our country and filled in the legal blank.With the implementation of the new Marriage Law for 10 years, there are some new situations and problems in marriage and family.The system of divorce damages reflects the legal protection of the no-fault party in the marriage and family relations, which is an important breakthrough in the marriage legislation of our country, and also makes the marriage and family system of our country further perfect.But at the same time, it is not difficult to find that the system itself is not perfect, how to better understand and apply the system in judicial practice has become a significant and urgent problem.This article will analyze the following aspects:The first chapter is the summary of divorce relief system.This paper expounds the concept, history, theoretical basis, nature and function of the divorce damage compensation system, and clearly defines that the legal nature of the divorce damage compensation system belongs to the special liability for breach of contract.The second chapter about the system of China's relevant legal provisions and practical operation.It includes several important issues, such as the application of the system of divorce damages, the constitutive elements, the scope of compensation and the determination of the amount of compensation.The third chapter is about the different legislation introduction and comparison of the civil law system, the common law system main countries and our country Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the extraterritorial legislation, the author draws the essence from it in order to put forward some reasonable suggestions for the further improvement of the system in our country."other mountain stone, can attack jade", study and draw lessons from the system of damages of divorce outside the country, have important reference value for our country divorce damage compensation system which started late.The fourth chapter is our country divorce damage compensation system reflection.Based on the analysis of the current legislative situation and the shortcomings of the divorce relief system in China, the author puts forward the countermeasures to perfect the divorce relief system in China.In view of the above problems, the author will put forward the following suggestions: first, to broaden the scope of the subject of claim and the subject of compensation obligations; second, to cancel the applicable restrictions on the compensation for divorce damages, and to increase the applicable situation of the system;The third is to perfect the provisions of the burden of proof for divorce damages; the fourth is to clarify the way to assume the liability for divorce damages; and the fifth is to regulate the amount of divorce damages.The establishment of the system of divorce damages conforms to the practical needs of our country and the basic value pursued by the law.It is believed that with the deepening of theoretical research and the development of judicial practice, the system will become more perfect, give full play to its legal function, and reflect the fairness and justice of the society.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.9

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