家庭的民事主体地位研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 07:42

本文选题：家庭 + 民事主体　；参考：《扬州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：家庭作为一种特殊的社会组织,曾在人类历史上扮演着举足轻重的角色。而在我国历史上,从封建时代开始直至清末变法,家庭就长期在法律上占据着主体的地位。然而在现今立法上,我国并未赋予家庭民事主体地位,学界也只有少数学者对于家庭成为法律主体持乐观、肯定的态度,并从一些角度进行论证。但是这些学者的研究大多还停留在赋予家庭以民事主体地位的必要性和可行性上,对与其相关的一些具体问题还缺乏一定的研究。因此在本文中,笔者采用了比较分析法、价值分析法等研究方法,试以历史演变为脉络,结合当时的社会环境与政治背景,对家庭的地位进行梳理与分析,并在此基础上以民事主体理论为支撑,结合现实对其民事主体地位进行未来立法取向分析。除引言外,论文正文分七个部分。引言部分介绍了家庭的民事主体地位研究这一选题背景和选题价值以及目前国内有关家庭的民事主体地位研究的一些现状。第一部分：家庭的基本含义及其特点。本部分考察了家庭在历史上及现代的基本含义,并分析了家庭的基本特征。在我国传统文化中家庭有多种不同的含义,狭义的家庭指共同维持家计的亲属生活共同体。家庭是二人以上的亲属组成的团体,是以永久共同生活为目的团体,以同居共财为其特点。第二部分：家庭的起源。本部分简要阐述了家庭的基础——婚姻,以及家庭与婚姻的关系,并在此基础上论述了家庭所经历的四个发展阶段。分别是血缘家庭、普那路亚家庭、对偶制家庭和专偶制家庭。第三部分：家庭主体地位的历史演变。本部分通过从家庭主体地位的确立到衰落与丧失的过程阐述,分析了家庭主体地位衰落与丧失的原因。证明家庭主体地位已经丧失主要是由于商品经济的发展,资产阶级革命频发,进而个人人格独立导致。第四部分：我国现行民事立法中关于家庭的规定。本部分主要阐述了在我国现行的《婚姻法》、《民法通则》、《民通意见》中有关家庭的规定。得出家庭在我国民事立法中不再作为主体出现,而仅是亲属共同生活团体的结论。第五部分：家庭作为民事主体的必要性和可能性。本部分通过分析家庭自身需要以及社会现实的种种需要,得出了家庭需要且可以成为民事主体的结论。第六部分：确立家庭民事主体地位的理论依据。本部分先分析了民事主体的判断标准,进而考察了家庭是否符合这一标准,从而得出了家庭具备民事主体的一般构成要件的结论。第七部分：确立家庭民事主体地位的制度构建。这部分是文章的核心,因为即使赋予家庭以民事主体地位符合现实的需要,仍要对与其相关的一些具体问题进行研究,这是确立家庭民事主体的独立地位所不可回避的。本文通过分析家庭与家庭成员之间的法律冲突与解决以及赋予家庭主体地位后与其他民事主体的冲突与协调,来构建家庭的民事主体制度。
[Abstract]:As a special social organization, the family played an important role in the history of mankind. In the history of China, from the beginning of the feudal era to the late Qing Dynasty, the family has been in the legal position for a long time. However, in the present legislation, our country has not given the status of the civil subject of the family, and the academic circles only have few mathematics. The author holds an optimistic and affirmative attitude towards the family as the subject of law and argues from some angles. However, most of these scholars still remain in the necessity and feasibility of endowing the family as a civil subject, and lack certain research on some specific problems related to them. The method of analysis, value analysis and other research methods, try to analyze the status of the family in the context of the social and political background, and on this basis, on this basis, take the civil subject theory as the support, and combine the reality to analyze the future legislative orientation of its civil subject status. Besides the introduction, the text is divided into seven. Part.
The introduction introduces the background and value of the topic of the study of the subject status of the family, as well as the current status of the domestic research on the civil subject status of the family.
The first part is the basic meaning and characteristics of the family. This part examines the basic meaning of the family in history and modernity, and analyzes the basic characteristics of the family. In the traditional culture of China, the family has many different meanings, and the narrow family refers to the family living community of the family together. The family is composed of more than two relatives. A group is a group that aims to live together for a long time.
The second part: the origin of the family. This section briefly describes the basis of the family, marriage, and the relationship between family and marriage, and on this basis expounds the four stages of development of the family, namely, the consanguineous family, the Perna family, the dual family and the special family.
The third part: the historical evolution of the status of the family subject. This part analyzes the decline and loss of the family subject status through the establishment of the status of the family subject to the process of decline and loss. It is proved that the main status of the family has been lost mainly due to the development of the commodity economy, the frequent bourgeois revolution and the individual personality alone. Erect leads.
The fourth part: the provisions concerning the family in the current civil legislation of our country. This part mainly expounds the provisions concerning the family in the current law of marriage, the general rule of the civil law, the opinions of the civil law, and the conclusion that the family is no longer the main body in the civil legislation of our country, but only the common living group of the relatives.
The fifth part: the necessity and possibility of the family as a civil subject. Through the analysis of the needs of the family and the social reality, this part draws the conclusion that the family needs and can be a civil subject.
The sixth part: the theoretical basis for establishing the status of the civil subject of the family. This part first analyzes the judgment standard of the civil subject, and then examines whether the family conforms to this standard, and thus draws the conclusion of the general constitutive requirements of the civil subject of the family.
The seventh part: establishing the system of the civil subject status of the family. This part is the core of the article, because even if the family is given the actual needs of the civil subject position, it is still necessary to study some specific problems related to it, which is unavoidable to establish the independent status of the civil subject of the family. This article through the analysis of the family. The civil subject system of the family is constructed by the conflict and coordination with the family members, and the conflict and coordination with other civil subjects after the family's main position.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923

【参考文献】