论我国离婚损害赔偿的范围和法律适用

发布时间：2018-06-05 03:32

本文选题：我国 + 离婚　；参考：《郑州大学》2003年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文对我国婚姻法中离婚损害赔偿的范围和法律适用及其相关问题做出了系统的阐述，全文共分四个部分：引言部分，对婚姻制度的本质属性做出理论性探讨，阐述了学界关于“契约说”和“制度说”两种学说的论争，确定了“制度说”的合理性和先进性，并由此引伸出离婚损害赔偿责任的性质是一种“侵权责任”。正文第一章，离婚损害赔偿的范围。首先对各国关于离婚损害赔偿的立法范围和立法模式做出了比较；其次对我国离婚损害赔偿的范围进行理论分析，从理论上论证了我国离婚损害赔偿的范围应包括物质损害赔偿和精神损害赔偿；然后归纳出我国离婚损害赔偿的四个法律特征。以下两节，分别就离婚物质损害赔偿和离婚精神损害赔偿所包含的内容，及其各自的概念、特征做出了详尽的阐述，并对离婚物质损害赔偿和离婚精神损害赔偿的损害认定做出了理论分析。正文第二章，，离婚损害赔偿的法律适用。首先确定了离婚损害赔偿的法律适用原则，有过错责任原则、过失相抵原则、全部赔偿原则、精神损害赔偿限制原则和法官自由酌量赔偿原则，并分别进行了理论上的阐释；其次，对离婚损害赔偿的法定适用条件，即《婚姻法》第四十六条规定的四种法定情形分别做出了系统的论述，为司法实践活动提供一定的理论依据。正文第三章，我国离婚损害赔偿范围及法律适用中存在的问题。着重探讨了四个问题：1、关于第三者的赔偿责任问题。第三者侵犯婚姻关系中无过错配偶方的配偶权，应与过错配偶方承担连带责任；2、关于举证责任问题。就司法实践中当事人举证难的客观事实提出了一些合理的立法建议；3、关于损害赔偿适用条件的扩大，阐述了离婚损害赔偿适用条件过于狭窄不利于保护受害者权利，应当增设法律条款，并应在立法中规定“其他重大过错行为”的概括性条款；4、关于离婚精神损害赔偿金额的确定问题。将我国离婚精神损害的赔偿方式归纳为两种类型，并引“评定客观化说”分析了精神损害赔偿金额的确定因素。
[Abstract]:This article has made the systematic elaboration to our country marriage law divorce damage compensation scope, the law application and the related question, the full text altogether divides into four parts: In the foreword part, the author makes a theoretical discussion on the essential attribute of marriage system, expounds the controversy between the two theories of "contract theory" and "institution theory", and determines the rationality and advanced nature of "institution theory". The nature of the liability for damages caused by divorce is a kind of tort liability. The first chapter of the text, the scope of divorce damages. First of all, it makes a comparison of the legislative scope and legislative model of divorce damages in various countries; secondly, it makes a theoretical analysis of the scope of divorce damages in China. This paper theoretically demonstrates that the scope of divorce damages in China should include material damages and spiritual damages, and then concludes four legal characteristics of divorce damages in China. In the following two sections, the contents, concepts and characteristics of material damages for divorce and compensation for moral damages of divorce are elaborated in detail. It also makes a theoretical analysis on the damages of material damages and spiritual damages. The second chapter of the text, divorce damages applicable to the law. Firstly, the principle of legal application, the principle of fault liability, the principle of fault offset, the principle of total compensation, the principle of limitation of compensation for mental damage and the principle of discretionary compensation of judges are determined. Secondly, the legal applicable conditions of divorce damages, that is, the four legal situations stipulated in Article 46 of the Marriage Law, are systematically discussed, which provides a certain theoretical basis for judicial practice. Chapter III, the scope of divorce damages and the problems in the application of the law. This paper focuses on four questions: 1, liability of third parties. The third party who infringes the spouse's right of no fault in the marriage relationship should bear joint and several liability with the fault spouse. This paper puts forward some reasonable legislative suggestions on the objective facts of the parties' difficulty in providing evidence in judicial practice. 3. On the expansion of applicable conditions for compensation for damages, it is expounded that too narrow applicable conditions of compensation for divorce damages are not conducive to the protection of the rights of the victims. Legal provisions should be added, and the general provisions of "other major fault acts" should be stipulated in the legislation, and the determination of the amount of compensation for moral damage caused by divorce should be discussed. The way of compensation for spiritual damages in divorce in China is divided into two types, and the factors determining the amount of compensation for spiritual damages are analyzed by "objective assessment theory".
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：D923

【引证文献】