赡养制度立法研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 05:50

本文选题：赡养 + 制度　；参考：《华东政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济、科技、卫生等方面取得了辉煌成就,人民生活水平、健康状况得到了极大改善。随之而来的是人口老龄化问题。人口老龄化意味着赡养义务人比例下降而赡养权利人比例上升,这无疑会给老年人的赡养产生影响。从新闻媒体的报道及调查数据来看,当前老年人的赡养存在诸多问题,很多老年人的生活状况令人堪忧。我国的社会保障还不完善,特别是广大农村,十分薄弱。要把养老责任一下子推向社会,目前还不现实。传统的家庭养老仍是我国最主要、不可替代的养老模式。而道德对“赡养行为”的束缚力却越来越有限,老年人的赡养必须依靠法律制度来解决。由于起步晚、基础差、时间短,我国赡养法律制度还不完善,导致赡养案件出现了四难:起诉难、举证难、裁判难、执行难。随着赡养问题的日益凸出,相关法律规定的完善迫在眉睫。本文共分四章。第一章:赡养制度概述。主要对赡养的概念、赡养法律关系的特征以及赡养制度的现实意义等方面作了探讨。第二章:赡养制度国外立法比较。分别对欧美国家和亚洲国家的赡养制度立法作了简介、分析和概括,指出文化背景不同,赡养制度会有差异,但立法宗旨与基本框架大体相同。第三章:我国赡养制度立法分析。对我国现行赡养立法进行分析,找出立法存在的问题。主要有三方面:一是立法分散,各法之间不太一致;二是过于简单,有些规定不明确、不详细;三是立法粗糙,遗漏了一些必要的规定。第四章:我国赡养制度立法之完善。针对我国赡养立法存在的问题,在借鉴国外立法经验的基础上,结合我国当前实际,提出了具体的立法完善措施。主要有:一、指出规定不一致的地方,提出具体修改建议;二、扩大赡养义务人的范围;三、明确精神赡养的地位和内容;四、增加赡养的顺序、标准、赡养权的丧失等规定。今年是第六次人口普查年,笔者相信:老年人口数量无论是绝对值还是相对值肯定都会又上一个新台阶。关爱、关心老年人,是全社会的共同责任。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy, science and technology, health and other aspects have made brilliant achievements, people's living standards, health conditions have been greatly improved. This is followed by the ageing of the population. The aging of the population means that the proportion of maintenance obligor decreases and the proportion of the right holders increases, which will undoubtedly have an impact on the maintenance of the elderly. From the news media reports and survey data, there are many problems in the maintenance of the elderly, and many elderly people's living conditions are worrying. China's social security is not perfect, especially in the vast rural areas, very weak. It is not realistic to push the responsibility for the aged to the society at once. Traditional family pension is still the most important and irreplaceable pension model in China. However, the moral constraint on maintenance behavior is becoming more and more limited, and the support of the elderly must depend on the legal system. Because of the late start, poor foundation, short time and imperfect legal system of maintenance in our country, there are four difficulties in the maintenance cases: the difficulty of prosecution, the difficulty of proof, the difficulty of judgment and the difficulty of execution. With the increasing protruding of the problem of maintenance, the perfection of relevant laws and regulations is imminent. This paper is divided into four chapters. Chapter one: summary of maintenance system. This paper mainly discusses the concept of maintenance, the characteristics of legal relationship of maintenance and the practical significance of maintenance system. The second chapter: foreign legislation comparison of maintenance system. This paper introduces the legislation of maintenance system in European and American countries and Asian countries, analyzes and generalizes it, and points out that different cultural backgrounds will lead to differences in maintenance system, but the legislative purpose and basic framework are basically the same. The third chapter: the legislation analysis of our country's maintenance system. This paper analyzes the current maintenance legislation of our country and finds out the problems existing in the legislation. There are three main aspects: first, the legislation is scattered, the laws are not very consistent; the second is too simple, some provisions are not clear, not detailed; third, the legislation is rough, missing some necessary provisions. Chapter four: the perfection of our country's maintenance system legislation. In view of the problems existing in the maintenance legislation of our country, on the basis of drawing lessons from the foreign legislative experience and combining the current situation of our country, the author puts forward the concrete legislative perfection measures. Mainly have: first, point out the place that the regulation is inconsistent, put forward the concrete amendment proposal; second, expand the scope of the support obligor; third, make clear the status and content of the spirit support; fourth, increase the order of maintenance, standard, the loss of the right of maintenance and so on. This year is the sixth census year, the author believes that the number of the elderly population, both absolute and relative, will surely rise to a new level. Caring and caring for the elderly is the common responsibility of the whole society.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D923.8

【引证文献】