船舶买卖质量保证及责任研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 17:05

本文关键词：船舶买卖质量保证及责任研究　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文所说船舶买卖是指狭义上的船舶买卖,即二手船买卖。船舶的质量如何,是二手船买卖的重要考量因素之一。而船舶买卖的质量保证是指卖方根据法律或者合同的规定,所负担的保证所交付船舶符合相应质量要求的义务。船舶买卖中卖方的质量保证义务有两个来源,一是法律的规定,二是合同的约定。涉外船舶买卖合同通常会选择适用英国法,而英国法对质量问题的认定采取客观标准,与我国合同法所采取的主观标准有所出入,这会导致不同的适用结果。实务中,船舶买卖合同多是以标准合同为模板,采用最多的是挪威船舶买卖标准格式,最新版本为2012年版,另外上海航运交易所也发布了自己的船舶买卖标准合同,而两份标准合同对于船舶质量保证的规定不尽相同。不过上海格式中规定的质量保证条款是在挪威船舶买卖标准合同规定的基础上修改而来,所以对后者的研究将有助于加强对前者的理解和修改。如果船舶未能达到质量要求,则会带来两方面的影响。第一,根据船舶买卖合同,如果船舶不符合质量要求,则买方可以通过拒绝卖方递交的准备就绪通知书来拒绝卖方交付船舶,不过这属于卖方交船义务。第二,买方可以要求卖方承担违反质量保证的相应责任。对于船舶买卖中卖方的质量担保责任,从责任承担方式上来说,英国和我国法律的规定区别较大,在承担方式的种类和优先级方面都有很大差别,不过两国法律对类似救济方式的规定值得相互借鉴。而对于责任范围的确定,特别是损害赔偿范围的计算,我国法律的规定不如英国法完善,不过从学理上来说,在相同的情况下所确定的责任范围基本类似,不过细节上仍有不同。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we say that ship trading refers to the narrow sense of ship trading, that is, second-hand ship trading. What is the quality of the ship? Is one of the important considerations of second-hand ship trading. And the quality assurance of the ship sale refers to the seller according to the law or the provisions of the contract. The obligation to guarantee the delivery of the ship in accordance with the corresponding quality requirements. The seller's quality assurance obligations in the sale and purchase of ships have two sources, the first is the provisions of the law. The other is the agreement of the contract. The foreign ship sale contract usually chooses to apply the English law, but the English law adopts the objective standard to the quality question, which is different from the subjective standard adopted by the contract law of our country. This will lead to different applicable results. In practice, most of the ship trading contracts are based on standard contracts, the most used is the Norwegian standard format of ship trading, the latest version is the 2012 version. In addition, the Shanghai Shipping Exchange has also issued its own ship trading standard contract. The two standard contracts for ship quality assurance provisions are not the same, but the Shanghai format stipulated in the quality assurance clause is based on the Norwegian standard contract for the purchase and sale of ships from the basis of the amendment. Therefore, the research on the latter will help to strengthen the understanding and modification of the former. If the ship fails to meet the quality requirements, it will bring two aspects of impact. First, according to the ship purchase and sale contract. If the ship does not meet the quality requirements, the buyer may reject the seller's delivery of the ship by refusing the seller's delivery of the readiness notice, but this is the seller's obligation to deliver the ship. The buyer may require the seller to bear the corresponding liability for breach of quality assurance. The law of England and China have different provisions on the liability of the seller for the quality guarantee in the sale and purchase of ships from the point of view of the way of assuming the responsibility. There are significant differences in the types and priorities of the modes of responsibility, but the provisions of the laws of the two countries on similar relief modalities are worth drawing on from each other... and the determination of the scope of liability, in particular the calculation of the scope of damages. The provisions of our law are not as perfect as English law, but the scope of responsibility determined under the same circumstances is basically similar, but the details are still different.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.294

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