我国PPP立法研究

发布时间：2018-02-07 14:04

本文关键词： PPP PPP立法立法模式配套机制　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：政府与社会资本合作(PPP:public-private partnerships),是政府通过和社会资本合作来提供公共产品和服务的一种模式。PPP模式的应用不仅能够提升公共产品和服务的供给效率和质量,而且也能够减轻政府财政负担,转变政府职能,充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用,从而推进国家治理能力和治理体系的现代化,促进社会主义市场经济的发展。近些年来,PPP模式在我国发展迅速,尤其是在各级政府的推动之下,掀起一波PPP推广和发展的热潮,政府通过PPP模式和社会资本合作,可以获得社会资本在资金、技术和管理上的优势,而社会资本通过参与公共产品和服务的供给从而获得收益。公私双方优势互补,资源共享。但与此同时,我国PPP立法明显滞后,缺乏统一的PPP法律规范,因此在PPP实践中出现了不少问题,严重制约了 PPP的健康、有序发展。因此,及时制定PPP法律规范,就显得尤为必要。PPP立法的基础理论是研究PPP立法的基础和前提。立法者通过PPP立法来规范公共部门和社会资本的合作,促使其优势互补,风险共担,从而为公共产品和公共服务供给的增加和效率的提高提供法律保障。一部法律的创设必然有其理论依据,对于PPP立法的理论依据而言,主要包括公共选择理论、公共治理理论和公共产品理论。同时,PPP在实际应用中的作用和效果,证明了对PPP进行立法的必要性和可行性。目前,我国无论是发改委、财政部还是地方政府,虽然都出台过一些和PPP相关的法规政策,但是在适用过程当中依旧出现了很多的问题,主要有法规政策在适用上的冲突,社会资本参与PPP风险分担和收益分配不明确,救济机制缺乏等,究其原因,从根本上说是PPP立法的缺失。立法缺失的具体表现在于:立法层级低,相关法律法规不衔接,PPP协议法律性质不清,PPP模式中政府的法律定位缺失。从域外来看,英国、澳大利亚、韩国和法国的PPP立法虽有不同,但都构建起相对完备,且具有本国特色的PPP法律规范。他山之石可以攻玉,因此有必要去借鉴他国的经验来进行本国的PPP立法。要进行符合我国国情的PPP立法必须要坚持互利共赢、风险分担、公平竞争和公信力原则。同时要科学的对立法的内容进行设置,如明确PPP协议的性质,在协议性质确定的基础之上,对PPP适用范围进行合理的界定。要推动PPP模式健康有序发展,不仅仅对PPP适用范围进行界定,而且要对PPP模式的参与主体进行要求,因此,甄选制度的存在是非常必要的,不仅如此,合理有效的争议解决机制也是极为关键的,能够公平公正的去处理PPP运行中发生的纠纷,是对PPP运行的重要保障。推动PPP模式健康有序的发展,促使PPP立法的完善,健全的配套机制是极为重要的,本文从设置专门的管理机构,构建合理的回报机制,建立完善的退出机制,健全信息公开机制和完善监管制度五大机制入手,详细的分析了机构设置的作用,从而推动PPP立法的完善,促使PPP健康、有序发展。
[Abstract]:The cooperation between government and social capital (PPP:public-private partnerships), is the supply efficiency and quality of the application by the government and social capital cooperation to provide public products and services, a.PPP model can not only enhance the public products and services, but also can reduce the financial burden of the government, the transformation of government functions, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation in order to promote the national governance capacity and governance system modernization, promote the development of socialist market economy. In recent years, PPP is developing rapidly in China, especially under the promotion of all levels of government, set off a wave of PPP promotion and development boom, the government through the PPP model of cooperation and social capital, social capital can be obtained in capital, technology and management advantages, and social capital through participation in the supply of public products and services so as to gain public. The two sides have complementary advantages, resource sharing. But at the same time, China's PPP legislation is lagging behind, the lack of unified legal norms in PPP PPP, so in practice there are a lot of problems, seriously restrict the PPP healthy and orderly development. Therefore, the timely development of PPP law, it is particularly necessary basic theory of legislation is the foundation of.PPP study on the legislation of PPP. And the premise of lawmakers to pass PPP legislation to regulate public sector cooperation and social capital, the advantage is complementary, risk sharing, so as to increase supply of public goods and public services and improve the efficiency to provide legal protection. The creation of a law must have its theoretical basis and theoretical basis for PPP the legislation, including the theory of public choice, public governance theory and the theory of public goods. At the same time, and the effect of PPP in practical application, proves the necessity of legislation on PPP and Line. At present, both China's development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance and the local government, although the introduction of some PPP related regulations and policies, but in the application process is still a lot of problems, the main conflict in the application of the regulations and policies, social capital to participate in the PPP risk sharing and income distribution is not clear, relief the lack of mechanism, the reason is fundamentally a lack of legislation of PPP. The specific performance is that the lack of legislation: low level legislation, relevant laws and regulations are not cohesion, the legal nature of PPP agreement is not clear, the lack of government legal position in the PPP model. From the domain of foreign, UK, Australia, South Korea and France the PPP legislation is different, but they are constructing a relatively complete, and has its own characteristics of the PPP law. Outside the box jade, so it is necessary to learn from the experience of other countries for their PPP to comply with the law. Our country PPP legislation must insist on mutual benefit and risk sharing, fair competition and credibility principle. At the same time to scientific legislation on the content set, clear properties such as PPP protocol, based on the protocol identified in nature, the PPP scope of the reasonable definition. PPP mode to promote the healthy and orderly development not only apply to PPP scope, but also to participate in the main PPP mode, therefore, the selection of the existence of the system is very necessary, not only that, reasonable and effective dispute settlement mechanism is also very key, can be fair to occur in the operation of PPP is an important guarantee for PPP disputes. Operation. To promote healthy and orderly development of the PPP mode, perfect the legislation to promote PPP, supporting mechanism is very important, this article from the set of specialized management institutions, build reasonable return mechanism, With the establishment of a perfect exit mechanism, the improvement of information disclosure mechanism and the improvement of supervision system, the five mechanisms are analyzed. The role of institutional setup is analyzed in detail, so as to promote the perfection of PPP legislation and promote the healthy and orderly development of PPP.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.29

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