我国P2P网络贷款的法律监管

发布时间：2018-02-09 11:07

本文关键词： P2P网络贷款国际借鉴法律规制　出处：《南昌大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：P2P网络贷款肇始于英国,因其具有网络化、快捷化、平民化的特点,网贷行业在十余年的时间内风靡全球。由我国工商部门批准经营金融信息服务的首家网贷平台“拍拍贷”成立于2007年,在不到十年时间里,我国网贷行业遍地开花并形成了“上海模式”、“北京模式”、“青岛模式”等别具特色的商业模式,其年交易量呈现次方倍增长。但由于我国长期对网络贷款行业的真空监管局面,很多网络贷款平台出现了因限制贷款人提现、经营不善而倒闭、平台经营者卷款逃跑、安全防范缺陷而被黑客攻击导致网络贷款网站经营举步维艰甚至停止运营等问题。P2P网络贷款是传统金融的有益补充,其活跃民间借贷市场、提高公民生活质量作用的发挥,有赖于从法律层面进行规制。本文在介绍网络贷款概况的基础上,阐述我国网络贷款的监管现状、存在问题进而折射出监管的迫切性,通过描述国际上先进的监管理念和具体措施,提出对我国网络贷款监管制度的设想。文章主要分为四个部分:第一部分,P2P网络贷款的概述。从网络贷款的交易模式中抽象出网络贷款的概念,指出网络贷款是互联网金融创新的产物。在剖析网络贷款的基础上,将其与传统金融模式进行比较,主要包括营业主体法律地位、营业方式、营业范围、法律适用四个方面。第二部分,现阶段国内P2P网络贷款的监管状况以及所存在问题。我国网络贷款实行银监会、工商行政部门、工信部多个机构联合监管模式,但由于立法的缺失和民间借贷长期以来的身份模糊性,造成网络贷款监管无法可依,监管模式重叠错位。由于市场的自发性,这种监管现状隐藏着导致网络平台破产、损害投资者利益和泄露交易双方个人信息的巨大风险。由实践中网贷行业问题层出不穷的现状,得出我国网络贷款法律规制迫切性的结论。第三部分,国外发达国家P2P网络贷款监管经验的借鉴。根据立法模式不同,先后描述了英美法系和大陆法系对网络贷款平台的定性以及在立法和配套措施方面的规制。从国外监管经验中得出值得我国借鉴的精华,如适度监管的原则、完善金融创新相关立法、外部监管与行业自律补充、实现信息披露与交易人信息保护的平衡等立法思路和规制措施。第四部分,我国P2P网络贷款法律监管制度的整体建构。借鉴第三部分发达国家的监管理念和具体监管举措,提出以下规制建构:第一,坚持松弛有度的监管原则和立法思路,避免因过度监管引起限制行业发展;第二,健全网络贷款法律框架,为有效监管提供法律支持,制定专门法律明确网络贷款的合法地位和利率标准,修改不适应实践需要的原有相关立法;第三,明确监管主体,法律层面形成银监会与工信部联合监管机制;第四,明确监管方式,从准入机制、日常运营、退出机制三个维度论述;第五,加强和鼓励行业自律监管,为法律规制提供必要补充。
[Abstract]:P2P network loans originated from Britain, because of its network, quickly, characterized by the net loan industry all over the world in ten years. Established by the Department of industry and Commerce in China approved the first net loan platform business financial information service pat loan in 2007, in less than ten years. China's net loan industry blossom everywhere and formed the "Shanghai model", "Beijing model", "business model for Qingdao" and other distinctive, the annual trading volume is a fold increase. But due to China's long-term network lending industry regulatory vacuum situation, a lot of network lending platform emerged due to the restrictions of the lender withdrawals, mismanagement and failure, platform operators Juankuan escape, security defects were hacked to network lending sites operating difficulties or even stop the operation of.P2P network is a useful complement to traditional financial loans The active, private lending market, improve the quality of life of the citizens to play the role of regulation in depends on the legal level. Based on the introduction of network lending industry, expounds the status quo of China's network supervision problems of loans, which reflects the urgency of supervision, through the description of the international advanced supervision idea and concrete measures and put forward the suggestion for the loan network supervision system in our country. The article is divided into four parts: the first part, an overview of P2P network loan. From network loan transaction model abstracts the concept of network loans, net loan is that Internet financial product innovation. Based on the analysis of the network loans. Compared with the traditional financial model, including the legal status of the main business, business, business scope, the four aspects of the applicable law. The second part, at this stage of the domestic P2P network loan supervision. The status and existing problems. China's network of loans to the CBRC, the administrative department for Industry and commerce, joint supervision mode of multi institutional ministry, but because of the lack of legislation and private lending long Identity Ambiguity, resulting in network supervision loans could be due to the market supervision mode overlapping dislocation. The spontaneity of the regulatory status of the hidden a network platform leads to bankruptcy, huge risk of damage to the interests of investors and the parties to the transaction disclosure of personal information. The status quo from the practice of net loan industry problems emerge in an endless stream, that China's network lending legal regulation of the urgency of the conclusion. The third part, the developed countries P2P network loan supervision experience. According to the different legislative models, has a qualitative description the network lending platform of common law and civil law and regulation in legislation and the supporting measures. From the foreign regulatory experience in value To get the essence of our reference, such as the principle of appropriate supervision, improve financial innovation related legislation, supervision and self-discipline, to achieve the balance of information disclosure and transaction information protection legislation ideas and regulation measures. In the fourth part, the overall construction of legal supervision system of our country P2P network loan. From third part of developed countries the ideas of supervision and specific regulatory measures, put forward the following regulation: first, adhere to the construction of the relaxation of regulatory principles and legislative ideas of the development of the industry, to avoid the limitation caused by excessive regulation; second, improve the legal framework of network loans, provide legal support for the effective supervision, formulate special law clearly the legal status of the interest rate and loan network standard, modified to adapt to the original legislation practice needs; third, clear regulatory body, the legal level form the CBRC with the Ministry of supervision mechanism; fourth, clear. The way of management is discussed from three dimensions: the access mechanism, the daily operation and the exit mechanism; fifth, strengthen and encourage the self-regulation of the industry, and provide the necessary supplement for the legal regulation.

【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.282

【相似文献】