GATS框架下上海自贸区服务贸易法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 16:38

本文关键词： 上海自贸区服务贸易总协定负面清单法律制度研究　出处：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2013年8月国务院正式批准设立中国上海自由贸易区(Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone)。这片自由贸易试验区为实现政府职能的转变、贸易服务、金融制度、外商投资等方面的改革,起到推动整个上海发展的重要作用。此次设立上海自由贸易区的主要亮点在于服务贸易。而从法律框架上来看,以GATS框架的视角分析现行上海自贸区服务贸易法律制度,上海自由贸易区自设立以来法律体系杂乱,从中央到地方的立法现状都不尽人意。目前《服务贸易总协定》(简称GATS)是世界范围内关于服务贸易的最具权威的协定,它为服务贸易领域的国内外立法提供了借鉴基础,国际上的服务贸易协定大多以此为模板。而上海自由贸易区的相关法律法规在制定时,却没有确立国际的《服务贸易总协定》中的原则,且法律框架待梳理,中央立法地位不明,相关概念解释模糊,地方立法急需出台详细的部门细则。上海自由贸易区的最重要的文件《负面清单》,在服务贸易这块有诸多不能和国际标准接轨之处。2014年版《负面清单》与2013年版《负面清单》相比,通过取消、修改与放宽条款限制等措施,使得服务业开放度得以提升,一些限制或者禁止措施的表述更加清晰,透明度进一步提高,但是不足之处仍然明显。在对比GATS的法律框架和上海自由贸易区服务贸易的法律框架后,可以总结出上海自由贸易区在其法律制度上的不足之处。针对上述存在的上海自贸区法律法规缺乏指导性原则、法律体系不够亟待梳理、负面清单自由化不够、透明化不足、负面清单产业分类不严谨的问题,通过借鉴欧盟、北美自贸区有关服务贸易的法律制度,确立上海自由贸易区立法的基本原则、完善上海自贸区法律体系、要求地方立法积极完善配套制度、改进负面清单衔接国际服务贸易规则,最终完善上海自贸区服务贸易法律体系。
[Abstract]:In August 2013, the State Council formally approved the establishment of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade zone. This free trade experimental area is intended to realize the transformation of government functions, trade services, financial system, foreign investment, etc. It plays an important role in promoting the development of Shanghai as a whole. The main highlight of the establishment of the Shanghai Free Trade area this time is trade in services. In terms of the legal framework, the current legal system of service trade in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone is analyzed from the perspective of the GATS framework. Since the establishment of the Shanghai Free Trade area, the legal system has been chaotic, and the legislative situation from the central to the local level is unsatisfactory. At present, the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) is the most authoritative agreement on trade in services in the world. It provides a reference basis for domestic and foreign legislation in the field of trade in services, and most of the international agreements on trade in services use it as a model. When the relevant laws and regulations of the Shanghai Free Trade area are formulated, However, the principles of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) have not been established, the legal framework is to be combed, the central legislative status is not clear, and the relevant concepts are interpreted vaguely. The most important document of the Shanghai Free Trade area, "negative list", is that there are many areas that cannot meet international standards in the area of trade in services. The 2014 edition of "negative list" is in line with the 2013 edition. Compared to the negative list, Through measures such as cancellation, modification and relaxation of terms and restrictions, the openness of the service sector has been enhanced, some restrictions or prohibitions have been expressed more clearly, and transparency has been further enhanced. But the shortcomings are still obvious. After comparing the legal framework of GATS with the legal framework of service trade in Shanghai Free Trade area, We can sum up the deficiencies of the Shanghai Free Trade area in its legal system. In view of the above existing laws and regulations of the Shanghai Free Trade area lack of guiding principles, the legal system is not urgent to comb, the negative list of liberalization is not enough, lack of transparency, Negative list industry classification is not strict, by using the European Union, North America free trade area related services trade legal system, establish the basic principles of Shanghai Free Trade area legislation, improve the Shanghai Free Trade area legal system, The local legislation is required to improve the supporting system, improve the negative list to link up the rules of international service trade, and finally perfect the legal system of service trade in Shanghai Free Trade Zone.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.295

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