论我国商业银行破产重整法律制度

发布时间：2018-02-15 14:30

本文关键词： 商业银行经营危机破产重整权益保护　出处：《江西财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：金融产业是我国的支柱产业,直接影响到我国经济的正常运转,我国经济发展也正在向以金融为主导的金融性经济体系转变,而商业银行作为我国金融体系中重要的组成部分,其所发挥的作用是毋庸置疑的。商业银行极大的促进了我国金融体系的建立与完善。如果没有商业银行的存在,就无法构建我国的金融体系,各种经济活动也将受到严重制约。然而,市场经济体制改革以及全球经济萧条的背景下,有些商业银行由于经营不善而倒闭的现象屡见不鲜。破产重整的法律制度成为挽救这些面临倒闭的商业银行的重要途径,不仅能使一些出现危机的银行施以援手,更能够通过这种机制来提升商业银行在市场上的竞争力,促进银行的各种资源得到有效利用,并在不断的变化与创新中实现优化和配置,确保商业银行能够长期稳定的向前发展。在世界上的多数发达国家,都具备了比较健全的破产重整法律制度,但在我国,针对商业银行破产重整的法律制度,无论是理论深度还是落实情况都与发达国家存在明显的差距。对于商业银行逐渐亏损的情况,多数由政策或者政府提供帮助来支撑其不倒闭,存在严重的行政兜底的现象。在市场经济逐步走向繁荣之时,如果商业银行经营不善,银行作为金融机构的一种特殊企业,其破产倒闭也不是不可能。但从法律层面上来讲,目前对问题银行作出规定的法律、法规曲指可数,只有《企业破产法》、《银行业监督管理法》、《商业银行法》、《金融机构撤销条例》等几部,除《企业破产法》对金融机构破产重整问题进行原则性规定外,对商业银行破产重整并没有出台更加明确的条文来进行解释,要实现相关法规的有效衔接,就变得困难重重。而且内容上还相当不完善,可行性不强。针对目前我国新《企业破产法》和其他相关银行破产的原则性规定不能适应商业银行破产重整的特殊要求以及现有的相关商业银行破产法律渊源存在无法解决商业银行破产重整法律适用的问题。本文从解决现有立法分散、缺乏操作性以及缺失配套保障制度等问题出发,以商业银行破产重整法律制度为研究对象,在分析了银行破产重整基本理论的基础上,深入剖析我国商业银行破产重整法律制度的立法现状,寻找“破产重整”的问题根源,通过分析我国相关的实践案例经验,结合我国的实际情况,从重整原则、重整方式和重整方案出发,构建适合我国的商业银行破产重整构架,完善我国商业银行破产重整法律制度。
[Abstract]:The financial industry is the pillar industry of our country, which has a direct impact on the normal operation of our economy. The economic development of our country is also changing to the financial economic system dominated by finance, and commercial banks as an important part of the financial system of our country. The role it plays is beyond doubt. Commercial banks have greatly promoted the establishment and improvement of our financial system. Without the existence of commercial banks, we cannot build our financial system. All kinds of economic activities will also be severely restricted. However, in the context of the reform of the market economy system and the global economic depression, It is common for some commercial banks to fail because of poor management. The legal system of bankruptcy reorganization has become an important way to rescue these commercial banks that are facing failure, and not only can some banks in crisis lend a helping hand, More through this mechanism to enhance the competitiveness of commercial banks in the market, to promote the effective use of bank resources, and in the continuous changes and innovation to achieve optimization and allocation, To ensure the long-term and stable development of commercial banks. In most developed countries in the world, they have a relatively sound legal system of bankruptcy reorganization, but in China, the legal system of bankruptcy reorganization of commercial banks, In terms of theoretical depth and implementation, there is a clear gap between commercial banks and developed countries. In the case of gradual losses of commercial banks, most of them are supported by policies or government assistance to support their failure. There is a serious phenomenon of administrative bottoming. When the market economy is gradually moving towards prosperity, if commercial banks are not well managed, it is not impossible for banks as a special enterprise of financial institutions to go bankrupt or fail. But from the legal level, it is not impossible for them to go bankrupt. At present, the laws and regulations governing the problem banks can be numbered. There are only several departments, such as the Enterprise bankruptcy Law, the Banking Supervision and Administration Law, the Commercial Bank Law, and the Financial Institution revocation regulations, etc. In addition to the principled provisions in the Enterprise bankruptcy Law on the bankruptcy reorganization of financial institutions, there are no more explicit provisions to explain the bankruptcy reorganization of commercial banks, so as to achieve effective convergence of relevant laws and regulations. It becomes very difficult. And the content is still quite imperfect. The feasibility is not strong. In view of the current China's new Enterprise bankruptcy Law and other related bank bankruptcy principle provisions can not meet the special requirements of commercial bank bankruptcy reorganization and the existing relevant commercial bank bankruptcy law source deposit. The application of bankruptcy reorganization law of commercial banks can not be solved. Based on the analysis of the basic theory of bankruptcy reorganization of commercial banks, this paper takes the legal system of bankruptcy reorganization of commercial banks as the research object, based on the lack of maneuverability and the lack of supporting guarantee system. This paper deeply analyzes the current legislative situation of the legal system of bankruptcy reorganization of commercial banks in our country, looks for the root of the problem of "bankruptcy reorganization", analyzes the relevant practical experience of our country, combines the actual situation of our country, and analyzes the principle of reorganization. Starting from the mode and scheme of reorganization, this paper constructs a suitable framework for bankruptcy reorganization of commercial banks in China, and perfects the legal system of bankruptcy reorganization of commercial banks in China.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.281

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