我国旅游法中惩罚性赔偿制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 21:01

本文选题：旅游法　切入点：惩罚性赔偿　出处：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着国家经济的发展,物质生活逐渐丰富的人们愈发追求精神层面的满足,旅游成为了现代社会的一种潮流,与现代人们的生活愈加密不可分。旅游业在迅猛发展的同时,也面临着一系列亟待解决的问题,这其中就包括性质恶劣的“甩团”行为。“甩团”行为在我国旅游实践中的频繁发生不仅严重侵害了旅游者的合法权益,也扰乱了旅游市场的正常秩序,然而,如何对其进行有效规制却是长久以来旅游领域中的难题。在这种背景下,2013年通过并实施的《旅游法》第70条引入了惩罚性赔偿制度,通过设置较高数额的惩罚性赔偿金对类似的行为予以规制。本文选取该制度作为研究对象,在对该制度进行深入研究的基础上分析其存在的问题并提出完善措施,以期使其更好的运用于旅游实践。本文分四个部分来研究分析旅游法中的惩罚性赔偿制度,具体如下:第一部分分析我国旅游法中设置惩罚性赔偿制度的理论基础。笔者认为规范旅游市场的需要以及旅游者自身的特殊性是规定该制度的重要原因;惩罚性赔偿的惩罚遏制等功能也是旅游领域引入该制度的正当性根据;从经济学中成本收益理论的角度来讲,该制度对保护旅游者合法权益和提高社会效益也具有重要意义。第二部分从法条出发,分析旅游法中惩罚性赔偿制度的构成要件,将其归纳为四个方面:适用于包价旅游的旅行社和旅游者之间;旅行社故意严重违约;经旅游者要求旅行社仍拒绝履行;旅行社的行为造成了旅游者人身损害、滞留等严重后果。第三部分分析我国旅游法中惩罚性赔偿制度存在的问题。笔者认为其在适用范围、惩罚性赔偿金的计算标准方面都存在一定的局限性;且结合我国旅游行业的实际情况,其在现有旅游纠纷解决机制中的适用相对较少,难以充分发挥该制度的功能。第四部分针对前文惩罚性赔偿制度存在的问题,笔者提出完善该制度的几项措施。包括扩大适用范围;完善惩罚性赔偿金的计算机制;并提出设立旅游法庭;结合我国实际创造性地将惩罚性赔偿制度运用于旅游投诉领域。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy, people who are rich in material life increasingly pursue spiritual satisfaction. Tourism has become a trend of modern society, and is more closely related to modern people's life. At the same time, tourism is developing rapidly. It also faces a series of problems that need to be solved urgently, including the "jettisoning" behavior, which is of a bad nature. The frequent occurrence of the "jettisoning" behavior in China's tourism practice not only seriously infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of tourists, It also disturbs the normal order of the tourism market. However, how to regulate it effectively has been a difficult problem in the field of tourism for a long time. In this context, Article 70 of the Tourism Law, passed and implemented in 2013, introduced the punitive damages system. This paper selects the system as the object of study, analyzes its existing problems and puts forward the perfect measures on the basis of the in-depth study of the system, by setting up a higher amount of punitive damages to regulate the similar behavior. This article is divided into four parts to study and analyze the punitive damages system in tourism law. The main contents are as follows: the first part analyzes the theoretical basis of the punitive damages system in the tourism law of our country. The author thinks that the need to regulate the tourism market and the particularity of the tourists themselves are the important reasons for the regulation of the system; The functions of punitive damages, such as punishment and containment, are also the legitimate basis for the introduction of the system in the field of tourism; from the perspective of cost-benefit theory in economics, The system is also of great significance for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of tourists and improving social benefits. The second part analyzes the constitutive elements of the punitive damages system in the tourism law from the point of view of the articles of law. It can be divided into four aspects: it is suitable for travel agencies with package prices and tourists; the travel agencies deliberately breach the contract seriously; the travel agencies still refuse to perform at the request of tourists; the acts of travel agencies cause personal injury to tourists. The third part analyzes the problems existing in the punitive damages system in the tourism law of our country. The author thinks that there are some limitations in the scope of application and the calculation standard of punitive damages; Combined with the actual situation of tourism industry in China, its application in the existing tourism dispute resolution mechanism is relatively small, it is difficult to give full play to the function of the system. The author puts forward several measures to perfect the system, including expanding the scope of application, perfecting the computer system of punitive damages, setting up the tourism court, and applying the punitive damages system to the field of tourism complaints creatively in combination with the actual situation in our country.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.294

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