中国碳保险法律制度的构建

发布时间：2018-03-09 15:33

本文选题：碳保险　切入点：碳金融　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2015年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：碳保险与低碳保险、绿色保险、气候保险等不是一个概念。碳保险是以《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《京都议定书》为前提,是基于两个国际条约对碳排放的安排而存在,或是保护在非京都规则中模拟京都规则而产生的碳金融活动的保险。碳金融市场基于人为设计而产生,蕴含巨大风险,现行以《保险法》为核心的保险法律制度体系在面对碳融资、碳交付等碳金融风险时面临诸多困境:很多风险为非传统风险,按我国基于传统风险而设计的《保险法》,多为不可保风险;碳保险合同标的的价值难以确定;我国目前的碳保险制度没有发挥保障碳融资和碳交付的功能;我国碳金融中的一些独特风险亟需碳保险法律制度保障;我国碳保险缺乏生态价值导向作用;现行《保险法》规定财产保险合同中没有受益人这一主体,而受益人主体在碳保险法律制度中至关重要。针对这些困境应该构建碳保险法律制度:在碳保险法律制度构建中引入ART原理;碳保险合同目前可采用定值保险合同形式,从长远来看,一旦碳保险单独立法,则可以规定专业评估机构为保险合同关系人并适当引入定额保险合同;构建国内的"非京都规则"碳交易市场,发挥碳保险应有功能;以碳保险法律制度引导CDM中的技术含量;在碳保险法律制度设计中融入生态价值取向;把受益人作为碳保险合同的关系人。关于立法模式,应该在《保险法》之外另行单独立法,并在保险法中增加援引条款,如碳保险由法律、行政法规另行规定。
[Abstract]:Carbon insurance and low-carbon insurance, green insurance and climate insurance are not a concept. Carbon insurance is based on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change and the Kyoto Protocol, and is based on the arrangements for carbon emissions under the two international treaties. Or to protect insurance against carbon finance activities that mimic Kyoto rules in non-Kyoto rules. The carbon financial market is created based on artificial design and carries enormous risks. The current insurance legal system with "Insurance Law" as the core faces many difficulties in the face of carbon financing, carbon delivery and other carbon financial risks: many of the risks are non-traditional. According to the "Insurance Law", which is based on the traditional risk in our country, it is mostly uninsurable risk, the value of the subject matter of the carbon insurance contract is difficult to determine, the current carbon insurance system of our country has not played the function of guaranteeing the carbon financing and the carbon delivery; Some unique risks in carbon finance in our country are in urgent need of the protection of the carbon insurance legal system; the carbon insurance in our country lacks the ecological value guidance function; the current Insurance Law stipulates that there is no beneficiary in the property insurance contract. The beneficiary subject is very important in the legal system of carbon insurance. In view of these difficulties, the legal system of carbon insurance should be constructed: the principle of ART should be introduced into the construction of legal system of carbon insurance, and the contract of carbon insurance can be used in the form of fixed value insurance contract. In the long run, once the carbon insurance is legislated separately, it can be stipulated that the professional evaluation institution should be the relevant person of the insurance contract and the quota insurance contract should be introduced appropriately, and the domestic "non-Kyoto rules" carbon trading market should be constructed to give full play to the function of the carbon insurance. Guide the technical content in CDM with carbon insurance legal system; integrate ecological value orientation in the design of carbon insurance legal system; regard beneficiary as the relative person of carbon insurance contract. Separate legislation should be made in addition to the Insurance Law, and reference clauses should be added to the Insurance Law, such as carbon insurance by law and administrative regulations separately.
【作者单位】：浙江农林大学法政学院;辽宁大学法学院;
【基金】：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“森林保险立法研究”(编号:10CGFX11YBX) 辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目“民营资本健康发展法律规制研究”(编号:L12BFX006)
【分类号】：D922.284

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