P2P网络借贷平台法律监管问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 22:11

本文选题：P2P网络借贷　切入点：P2P网络借贷平台　出处：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：P2P网络借贷平台指为资金出借人和借款人提供交易信息及相关辅助服务的网络信息中介机构。平台通过提供交互式服务和借贷辅助服务,使得相互陌生但有资金需求的两方直接进行信贷交易。作为将传统金融模式与互联网网络技术二者相交融的新兴业态,P2P网络借贷平台的兴起为小微企业及个人融资难的困境带来了出路,不仅满足小额贷款及个人投资理财的市场需求,也对实现我国普惠金融有着积极的意义。但网络借贷平台的兴起也给市场带来了不可小觑的风险,如涉嫌非法集资和洗钱等法律风险,由于缺少健全的信用评级制度及平台运营中所产生的信用风险等。为了进一步实现普惠金融,使网络借贷平台能够继续发挥积极作用,平台的法律监管成为亟待解决的问题。本文从中国风险频发的网络借贷行业现实情况出发,以网络借贷平台为研究对象,通过对网络借贷相关概念进行界定,随后在对我国市场上存在的P2P网络借贷平台类型进行归类总结,并对平台的参与主体及其与平台之主体间的法律关系进行详细分析,进而总结和分析当中平台中存在风险和问题。通过对英美两国家的网络借贷法律监管经验进行论述,并在此基础上针对我国目前P2P网络借贷平台的法律监管的监管思路、监管漏洞进行论述和完善。文章具体内容如下:首先网络借贷指个体与个体之间通过网络实现资金的融通,具有受众广、交易方便快捷、高收益和高风险并存的特点。而P2P网络借贷平台是指提供资金融通的信息中介机构。网络借贷平台在解决小微企业和个人贷款困难的同时,加快了民间资本的流通速度,对于实现普惠金融促进社会经济发展有重要意义。通过对"过度互联"理论,"正反馈"理论,现代契约正义理论,国家干预说进行阐述,以期为平台的监管提供更有利的理论支撑。其次,我国P2P网络借贷平台的发展可分为以借款为主的发展初始阶段,以地域性借款为主的高速发展阶段,以高利息为主的风险频发阶段和以风险整治为主的政策调整阶段。我国当前正处于第四个阶段,主要以规范管理,防范风险为主。存在立法不健全,相关行业规范不够全面,征信系统不完善和缺乏交易主体权益保护机制等问题。再次,英美两国家在P2P网络借贷平台监管模式上都有设置严格的准入标准,并严格要求平台对信息进行披露,拥有健全的个人征信体系,相关立法较为完善,为我国的平台法律监管提供了良好的监管经验给予借鉴。针对国内的当前行业发展情况,对平台的监管思路应采用实质监管,分别从监管的主体,监管的方式,以及监管的具体内容为出发点对行业进行监管。在完善监管体系上应从以下方面入手:健全市场准入制度、完善信用评级制度体系、制定专门针对网络借贷平台法律法规和行业规范以及构建行业的法律监管体系、强化市场参与主体的权益保护。
[Abstract]:P2P network lending platform refers to the online information intermediary that provides transaction information and related ancillary services to the fund lenders and borrowers. The platform provides interactive services and loan support services. The rise of P2P network lending platform, which blends the traditional financial model with the Internet network technology, has become the financial integration of small and micro enterprises and individuals. The difficult situation of capital brings a way out. Not only to meet the market demand for small loans and personal investment and finance, but also to achieve inclusive finance in China. However, the rise of network lending platform has brought risks to the market that can not be underestimated. For example, legal risks such as illegal fund-raising and money laundering, due to the lack of a sound credit rating system and the credit risks arising from the operation of the platform, etc., in order to further realize inclusive finance and enable the network lending platform to continue to play a positive role, The legal supervision of the platform has become an urgent problem to be solved. This paper, based on the current situation of the online lending industry with frequent risks in China, takes the online lending platform as the research object and defines the related concepts of network lending. Then it classifies and summarizes the types of P2P network lending platform in Chinese market, and analyzes the legal relationship between the platform and the main body of the platform in detail. Then summarize and analyze the risks and problems in the platform. Through the two countries of the United States and the United States network lending legal supervision experience to discuss, and on this basis for our current P2P network lending platform of legal supervision ideas. The specific contents of the article are as follows: first, network lending refers to individuals and individuals through the network to achieve the financing of the network, with a wide audience, convenient and fast transactions, Peer-to-peer network lending platform is an information intermediary that provides financing. The network loan platform not only solves the difficulties of small and micro enterprises and individuals, but also speeds up the circulation of private capital. It is of great significance to realize inclusive finance to promote social and economic development. This paper expounds the theory of "excessive interconnection", "positive feedback" theory, modern contractual justice theory, and state intervention theory. In order to provide more favorable theoretical support for the supervision of the platform. Secondly, the development of P2P network lending platform in China can be divided into the initial stage of borrowing as the main development, the regional borrowing as the main stage of high-speed development. Our country is currently in the fourth stage, which is mainly to standardize management and guard against risks. There are imperfect legislation, and the relevant industry norms are not comprehensive enough. Third, the United States and the United States have set strict admission standards on the P2P network lending platform supervision model, and strictly require the platform to disclose information. Have a sound personal credit system, the relevant legislation is relatively perfect, for our platform of legal supervision to provide good regulatory experience to give reference. In view of the current situation of domestic industry development, the platform should adopt substantive supervision ideas. Starting from the main body of supervision, the way of supervision and the concrete content of supervision, we should start with the following aspects in perfecting the supervision system: perfecting the market access system, perfecting the credit rating system, To establish laws, regulations and industry regulations for network lending platform, and to build a legal and regulatory system to strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of the participants in the market.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.282

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