我国食品安全责任保险法律制度的探究

发布时间：2018-04-07 17:32

本文选题：食品安全　切入点：责任保险　出处：《浙江财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：食品安全对人类的生存、国家的安定和社会的发展都是至关重要的。不论在什么时代、什么国度，食品及其安全性是国家领导人和普通老百姓共同关注的永恒主题。随着经济发展水平的不断提高、科学技术的不断进步，，我国的食品行业也获得了空前的发展，但与之相伴随的是食品安全问题的威胁也日益严重，如农药、化学原料和食品添加剂的过量使用，导致我国的食品安全事件频发。“三鹿奶粉”事件的发生，使食品安全问题白热化；2013年，新西兰奶源发生问题，食品安全再一次让人们忧心忡忡；最近闹得沸沸扬扬的转基因食品，更加剧了人们对食品安全的担忧。我国的食品安全监管，自2009年2月《食品安全法》颁布以来，取得了很大成效，但存在的问题同样严重。《食品安全法》实施的当年，全国人大常委会就开展了执法检查，并明确了食品安全监管所面临的问题。执法检查组在作报告时指出食品安全法的实施还面临着监管体制改革不到位，配套法规、规章滞后，安全风险监测基础薄弱等几大难题；同时我国现有的法律救济体系存在着事后救济不力的弊端。如何有效监管食品安全，在食品安全事故发生后，如何强化司法救济，提高加害企业的赔偿能力，保障受害人得到实质的补偿，是一个亟待解决的问题。本文从食品安全事故发生后，如何保障受害人实现经济补偿的角度，探究了我们食品安全责任保险法律制度的建立。第一部分是关于食品安全责任保险制度的基本理论。首先，是食品安全制度的概述。从食品安全的起源，剖析食品安全责任保险法律制度的起源，进而对食品安全制度的概念和主要内容以及构成进行理论分析。其次，食品安全责任保险制度的概述。从食品安全保险制度的概念、法律特性、主要内容和发展现状，阐述食品安全保险制度的构架。第二部分是关于食品安全责任保险制度发展的现状以及存在的问题。首先，介绍我国和世界各国的食品安全责任保制度的现状，从中国到世界各国，从中分析出我国食品安全责任保险制度存在的问题，主要涉及保险公司自身问题、法律体系不完善以及食品安全责任保险制度本身存在的问题。第三部分是建立我国食品安全责任保险法律制度的必要性和可行性。从“三鹿奶粉”事件所造成的危害后果看，受害人数量大，单个受害人损失重，三鹿即使破产也难以承担赔偿的责任。而食品安全责任保险制度的缺失，责任人责任能力的不足，使受害人难以在经济上得到应有的补偿。建立食品安全保险制度的十分必要；当前我国建立的食品安全责任的追究制度和责任保险制度，使我国食品安全保险责任制度的建立具有可行性。第四部分是我国建立食品安全责任保险的模式选择。首先，比较分析强制责任保险与自愿责任保险的利弊，明确食品安全责任保险应当是一种强制责任保险；其次，探讨食品安全责任保险的范围；第三，建立适合我国食品安全责任保险的模式，第四，我国食品安全责任保险制度的内容。第五部分是我国食品安全责任保险法律制度的构建。首先，完善我国食品责任保险法律制度和政策的制定，为我国食品安全责任保险提供法律基础；其次我国食品安全责任强制保险的主体、保险费率、赔付制度和法律责任。第三，完善食品安全监管体制、设立再保险体制、强化保险监督机制、增加食品责任保险赔偿基金以及建立同行业共同分担风险的责任保险制度，建立并完善食品安全责任强制保险的配套制度建设。
[Abstract]:Food safety for human survival, development and social stability of the country is very important. No matter what age, what country, food and its safety is the eternal theme of common concern of national leaders and ordinary people. With the continuous improvement of the level of economic development, the continuous progress of science and technology, China's food industry got unprecedented development, but is accompanied with food safety issues are also increasingly serious threats, such as excessive use of pesticides, chemical raw materials and food additives, leading to food safety incident happens frequently in China. The "Sanlu milk powder" incident, the food safety problems intensified; in 2013, New Zealand milk source the food safety problem, once again let people care-laden; genetically modified food recently had more drama raise a Babel of criticism of the people's concerns about food security.
China's food safety regulation, since February 2009 the "food safety law" promulgated, has made great achievements, but there are also serious problems. The implementation of the food safety law "that year, the National People's Congress on the law enforcement inspection, and the supervision of food safety problems. The implementation of the law enforcement inspection team pointed out that food safety in the report also faces regulatory system is not in place, regulations, rules and regulations lag, weak basic safety risk monitoring several major problems; at the same time, China's current legal relief system malpractice relief not force. How to effectively monitor food safety in food safety after the accident, how to strengthen the judicial relief, improve enterprise harm compensation ability, protect the victims get substantial compensation, is an urgent problem to be solved.
This article explores the establishment of the legal system of our food safety liability insurance from the angle of how to guarantee the victim's economic compensation after the occurrence of food safety accidents.
The first part is the basic theory about food safety liability insurance system. First of all, is an overview of food safety system. From the origin of food safety, analysis of the origin of food safety liability insurance legal system, and the concept of the food safety system and the main content and composition in theoretical analysis. Secondly, an overview of food safety liability insurance system from the concept of law. The food safety insurance system, characteristics, main contents and current situation, describes the framework of food safety insurance system.
The second part is about the present situation of the development of food safety liability insurance system and the existing problems. First, introduce the current situation of food safety responsibility in our country and the world of the insurance system, from Chinese to countries around the world, analyzed the problems of food safety liability insurance system in China the problems, mainly related to the insurance company's own problems, legal system food safety liability insurance is not perfect and the problems existing in the system itself.
The third part is the necessity and feasibility of establishing the legal system of food safety liability insurance in our country. The consequences resulting from the "Sanlu milk powder" incident, the number of victims, victims of a single weight loss, even though Sanlu bankruptcy is difficult to bear the responsibility for compensation. Lack of food safety liability insurance system, lack of responsibility the ability of the victim to receive due compensation in the economy. The establishment of food safety insurance system is necessary; establishing the current food safety responsibility system and liability insurance system, the establishment of liability insurance system of food safety in our country is feasible.
The fourth part is the mode choice of food safety liability insurance is established in China. Firstly, a comparative analysis of the pros and cons of compulsory liability insurance and voluntary liability insurance, clear food safety liability insurance should be a compulsory liability insurance; secondly, to explore the scope of food safety liability insurance; third, for the establishment of China's food safety liability insurance mode. Fourth, food safety liability insurance system in China.
The fifth part is the construction of the legal system of food safety liability insurance in China. First, improve the development of China's food liability insurance legal system and policy, provide the legal basis for China's food safety liability insurance; secondly, the food safety of China's compulsory liability insurance subject, insurance premium, payment system and legal responsibility. Third, improve food safety supervision system, the establishment of reinsurance system, strengthen insurance supervision mechanism, increase food liability insurance compensation fund and the establishment of the same industry to share the risk of liability insurance system, establish and improve the supporting system of food safety liability insurance.

【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.16;D922.284

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