预付式消费退费法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 14:38

本文选题：预付式消费 + 退费　；参考：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济不断发展以及人们生活水平的不断提高,近年来预付式消费模式逐渐在人们生活中得到普及。而随着预付式消费市场的繁荣发展,能够实现经营者与消费者共赢的预付式消费模式也逐渐得到人们的认可。但是由于预付式消费的法律制度存在缺陷,因此实践中产生了大量的预付式消费侵权纠纷,“退费难”作为预付式消费纠纷中最为常见的问题之一已引起人们的普遍关注。面对预付式消费退费难的现状和其存在的问题,如何使预付式消费者的退费权得到法律制度的保护以及如何使预付式消费退费制度在实践中得到有效的操作已成为目前理论界和实务界共同面临的重要课题。本文主要采用“提出问题,分析问题,解决问题”的基本思路对该课题进行讨论,具体来说主要通过以下四部分进行探讨。第一部分案例引入及相关问题介绍。该部分通过引入司法案例,指出预付式消费者退费权利受侵现状和成因,并试图对预付式消费的特征及其对退费制度的影响进行阐述,最后指出建立预付式消费退费制度的必要性。第二部分预付式消费退费制度现状描述和问题分析。该部分首先对预付式消费退费制度的国内和国外立法现状进行简单说明,通过现状分析提出我国该制度存在的问题并对问题进行分析,从而使后文“解决问题”的过程更具针对性。该部分主要表明我国预付式消费退费制度在预防性机制和监管机制上的缺失。预防性机制的缺失主要表现在立法不完善、预付资金管理混乱与经营者变更混乱等方面,监管机制的不完善主要体现在监管主体不明确、合同示范文本不规范和社会监管力度缺乏等方面。第三部分完善预付式消费退费制度。该部分针对预付式消费退费制度所存在的问题提出解决建议,建议主要分为完善预防性机制和完善监管机制两方面。预防性机制的完善主要通过完善相关立法、建立无理由退费制度、建立第三方担保交易模式和规范经营者变更等方法来实现,而监管机制的完善主要通过明确监管主体、制定示范合同、建立社会监管防范体系等措施来实现。第四部分预付式消费退费制度的具体实施方案设计。该部分主要是在前文的理论基础上,对预付式消费退费制度的实际操作进行规范,明确退费适用情形、退费的程序和退费的金额计算方法,同时从实质公平的视角出发建议对预付式消费者退费权利进行必要的限制。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the prepaid consumption pattern has been popularized in recent years.With the prosperous development of prepaid consumption market, the prepaid consumption pattern, which can realize the win-win situation between the operator and the consumer, is gradually accepted by people.However, due to the defects in the legal system of prepaid consumption, a large number of prepaid consumer tort disputes have arisen in practice. As one of the most common problems in prepaid consumption disputes, the problem of "returning fees" has aroused widespread concern.Faced with the current situation and existing problems of prepaid consumption and refund,How to protect the prepaid consumers' right of refund by the legal system and how to make the prepaid consumer refund system operate effectively in practice has become an important subject that both the theoretical and practical circles are faced with at present.This paper mainly uses the basic idea of "raising problems, analyzing problems and solving problems" to discuss this subject, specifically through the following four parts.The first part is the introduction of cases and the introduction of related problems.Through the introduction of judicial cases, this part points out the current situation and causes of infringement of prepaid consumers' right to refund fees, and attempts to expound the characteristics of prepaid consumption and its influence on the system of refund.Finally, it points out the necessity of establishing prepaid consumption refund system.The second part describes the current situation and problem analysis of prepaid consumption refund system.In this part, the domestic and foreign legislative status of the prepaid consumption refund system is briefly explained, and the problems existing in the system are put forward through the analysis of the current situation and the problems are analyzed.In order to make the process of "problem solving" more targeted.This part mainly shows the deficiency of the prepaid consumption refund system in the preventive mechanism and supervision mechanism.The deficiency of the preventive mechanism is mainly reflected in the imperfect legislation, the confusion in the management of prepaid funds and the confusion in the change of the operator, and the imperfection of the supervision mechanism is mainly reflected in the uncertainty of the main body of the supervision.The model text of the contract is not standardized and the social supervision is lacking.The third part consummates the system of prepaid consumption refund.In this part, some suggestions are put forward to solve the problems existing in the prepaid consumption refund system, which are mainly divided into two aspects: to perfect the preventive mechanism and to perfect the supervision mechanism.The perfection of the preventive mechanism is mainly achieved by perfecting the relevant legislation, establishing the system of unjustified refund of fees, establishing the mode of third-party guarantee transaction and standardizing the change of the operator, while the perfection of the supervision mechanism is mainly achieved by clarifying the main body of supervision.Make the model contract, establish the social supervision and guard system and other measures to achieve.The fourth part is the scheme design of prepaid consumption refund system.This part is mainly on the basis of the previous theory to standardize the actual operation of the prepaid consumption refund system, clarify the applicable situation of the refund fee, the procedure of the refund fee and the calculation method of the amount of the refund fee.At the same time, from the point of view of substantive fairness, it is suggested that the rights of prepaid consumers should be restricted.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.8

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