我国反悔权立法及其适用研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 07:25

本文选题：反悔权 + 消费者　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：对于电视、电话、邮寄、网络购物等领域的反悔权一直是消费者及社会各界人士关注的焦点。2014年3月15日开始实施的新《消费者权益保护法》引入了该权利，这对消费者的权益保护具有十分重要的意义，自此消费者收到所购商品后有七天的时间思考是否退货，并且只要符合法定条件，不需要经营者的同意即可行使反悔权。本文的研究目的为在对我国反悔权规定进行详尽解释的基础上，挖掘我国规定的漏洞并提出相应的解决方法。本文的主要论点包括：我国对反悔权的规定属于强制性规范，消费者和经营者不可以约定排除反悔权的适用；反悔权应适用于网购、邮购、电视及电话销售、上门销售、O2O模式下的销售以及直销领域。在上门销售中，推销员采取多变的销售策略，消费者在毫无思想准备的情形下很容易做出冲动性的购物行为，所以应赋予消费者反悔权以更充分的保护其权益。笔者认为O2O模式只是经营者进一步让利的网络购物行为，所以适用反悔权。《直销管理条例》对直销领域的反悔权进行了规范；对于商品房、机动车及预收款方式销售的商品、服务都难以适用反悔权；七天的退货期间自收到商品的次日开始计算；界定了“不宜退货的商品”及“消费者支付的商品价款”这两个概念；商品完好的标准应适用中等标准；对于收到商品之前消费者可否行使反悔权这一问题，应区分不同的情形处理；我国未规定经营者的强制性告知义务，这是我国法律的漏洞所在；应通过建立诚信体系、充分发挥消费者协会的职能以及应用便捷高效的小额争议快速解决机制来保障反悔权的实施。在整篇文章的论述过程中，笔者主要运用了比较分析方法，文义解释、历史解释、体系解释等解释方法，社会调查方法，归纳分析方法，价值分析方法以及实证分析方法等研究方法。因新《消费者权益保护法》开始实施前的学术研究大都集中于如何构建我国的反悔权规定，又因新《消费者权益保护法》刚刚开始实施不久，所以学术界对我国现行法律规定的研究并不是很多。笔者旨在通过本文的论述，帮助法学研究者以及普通的消费者理清反悔权的前世今生，对我国反悔权有一个更加全面以及清晰的认识，力争对法学研究者的研究有所启发，对消费者的权益保护有所帮助。本文的创造性主要在于运用多种研究方法对我国的反悔权规定进行解释，首先从法理的角度上解释为什么要做出这样的规定，其次结合生活实践确定某些条款的具体适用标准，最终得出下列新见解、新观点：我国对反悔权的规定属于强制性规范；上门销售、O2O模式下的销售应适用反悔权；预收款方式销售的商品、服务难以适用反悔权；商品完好的标准应适用中等标准；我国法律应规定经营者的强制性告知义务。
[Abstract]:The rights of retrogression in the areas of television, telephone, mail and online shopping have been the focus of attention by consumers and people from all walks of life. The new Consumer Rights and interests Protection Act, which came into effect on March 15, 2014, has introduced this right. This is of great significance to the protection of consumers' rights and interests. From then on, consumers have seven days to think about whether to return the goods they have purchased, and as long as they meet the statutory conditions, they can exercise the right of estoppel without the consent of the operator. The purpose of this paper is to excavate the loopholes of our country's regulations on the basis of the detailed interpretation of the provisions of the right of retrogression in our country and to put forward the corresponding solutions. The main points of this paper are as follows: the regulation of the right of estoppel in our country belongs to the mandatory norm, consumers and operators cannot agree on the application of the right to exclude the right of estoppel; the right of estoppel should be applied to the sale of online shopping, mail order, television and telephone. Door-to-door sales under the O 2 O 2 O mode sales and direct marketing field. In the door-to-door sales, the salesman adopts the changeable sales strategy, the consumer is easy to make impulsive shopping behavior under the situation of no thought preparation, so the consumer should be given the right of retrogression to fully protect their rights and interests. The author thinks that the O _ 2O mode is only the online shopping behavior of the operator, so the right of retrogression is applicable. The "Direct selling Regulation" regulates the right of retrogression in the field of direct selling, and for commercial housing, motor vehicles and goods sold in advance payment, It is difficult for services to apply the right of estoppel; the seven-day period of return is calculated from the day after the goods are received; the concepts of "unsuitable goods" and "commodity price paid by consumers" are defined; the standard of good quality of goods shall apply to the medium standard; The question of whether the consumer can exercise the right of estoppel before receiving the goods should be dealt with in different circumstances; the fact that China does not impose a mandatory obligation of notification on the operator is where the loophole lies in our law; and the establishment of a system of good faith should be adopted. Give full play to the functions of consumer associations and the application of convenient and efficient small dispute resolution mechanism to protect the implementation of the right to estoppel. In the whole article, the author mainly uses the methods of comparative analysis, literary meaning interpretation, historical interpretation, system interpretation, social investigation, inductive analysis, etc. Value analysis method and empirical analysis method and other research methods. Since most of the academic studies before the implementation of the new Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law focused on how to construct the provisions on the right to reverse regret in our country, and because the new Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law had just begun to be implemented, So the academic circles to our country present law stipulation research is not many. The purpose of this paper is to help legal researchers and ordinary consumers to clear up the past life of the right of estoppel, to have a more comprehensive and clear understanding of the right of retrogression in our country, and to strive to enlighten the research of law researchers. It helps to protect the rights and interests of consumers. The creativeness of this paper is mainly to use a variety of research methods to explain the provisions of the right of retrogression in China. Firstly, from the angle of legal theory, to explain why such provisions are made, and secondly, to determine the specific applicable standards of some clauses according to the practice of life. Finally, the following new opinions and viewpoints are obtained: the stipulation of the right of retrogression in our country belongs to the mandatory norm; the right of retrogression should be applied to the sales under the mode of door-to-door sales of O _ 2O; the goods sold in the way of pre-collection are difficult to apply to the right of retrogression; The standard of good commodity should be applied to medium standard, and our country's law should stipulate the compulsory obligation of informing the operator.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.294

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