跨境海事破产中的程序冲突问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 02:24

本文选题：跨境破产 + 跨境海事破产　；参考：《外交学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：跨国性的航运企业在破产时所引发的法律纠纷不同于一般的跨境破产,还涉及海事程序和破产程序之间的冲突问题,两个程序适用的优先顺序问题,成为困扰各国法院的普遍性问题。尤其是我国在跨境破产制度上存在的立法以及国际司法合作上的缺陷,这就给我国法院处理跨境海事破产案件带来诸多阻碍,有必要学界进一步探讨和研究。本文以韩进海运破产案为例,以跨境海事破产中海事程序与破产程序的冲突为主线,首先分析了程序冲突的表现及其实质。以此为基础分别考察了采纳联合国《跨境破产示范法》(下文称《示范法》)的国家(以美国为例)以及未采纳《示范法》的国家(以新加坡为例)关于此问题的立法及在韩进破产案中的实践处理情况。基于上述分析,笔者认为,跨境海事破产案件中的程序冲突的实质为海事债权人的船舶优先权与一般债权人的平等受偿权之间的冲突,而海事债权人的船舶优先权应当优先受偿。但复杂的是冲突的产生还涉及到破产程序的域外效力问题,这就使得冲突无法有效避免,同时也使得各国在面对程序冲突时的处理情况各不相同。鉴于此,我国应当以当前的立法及司法实践为基础,借鉴《示范法》以及各国的成功经验完善我国的跨境破产相关制度。
[Abstract]:The legal disputes caused by transnational shipping enterprises in bankruptcy are different from those of cross-border bankruptcy in general. They also involve the conflict between maritime proceedings and insolvency proceedings, and the priority of the application of the two procedures. It has become a universal problem puzzling the courts of various countries. Especially the defects of legislation and international judicial cooperation in the cross-border bankruptcy system in our country, which brings many obstacles for the courts to deal with cross-border maritime bankruptcy cases, it is necessary for the academic community to further explore and study. This paper takes Han Jin's case of maritime bankruptcy as an example, taking the conflict between maritime procedure and bankruptcy procedure in cross-border maritime bankruptcy as the main line, first of all, analyzes the expression and essence of the conflict of procedure. On this basis, the adoption of the United Nations Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency (hereinafter referred to as the Model Law) (for example, the United States) and the adoption of the Model Law (taking Singapore as an example) were examined, respectively. Law and its practice in the case of Han Jin's bankruptcy. Based on the above analysis, the author believes that the essence of procedural conflicts in cross-border maritime bankruptcy cases is the conflict between maritime creditors' maritime liens and the general creditors' equal right to compensation. The maritime creditor's maritime lien shall be given priority. But the complexity is that the emergence of conflicts also involves the extraterritorial effects of insolvency proceedings, which makes conflicts can not be effectively avoided, but also makes different countries in the face of procedural conflicts in different situations. In view of this, our country should take the current legislation and judicial practice as the foundation, draw lessons from the Model Law and the successful experience of other countries to perfect our country's cross-border bankruptcy related system.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.291.92

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