商业银行非保本理财产品信息披露法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 09:31

本文选题：商业银行 + 非保本理财产品　；参考：《西南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自从20世纪90年代我国商业银行开始发展个人理财业务以来,理财产品不断创新,朝着结构性和衍生性的特征发展,购买商业银行的理财产品成为越来越多消费者的投资首选。一方面,随着居民生活水平的提高,现代人追求更高收益的理财产品种类；另一方面,商业银行出于利益驱动和市场需求考量,大力发行非保本理财产品。因此,近年来非保本理财产品的发行数量远超过保本型理财产品,占据大量市场份额。不同的理财产品中投资者面临的风险不同,高收益必然伴随着高风险。在非保本理财产品中,商业银行不仅不保证投资者的收益,也不保证其本金安全,成功实现了风险由商业银行向投资者的转移。因此,投资者只有在充分了解非保本理财产品的全面信息的基础上才能进行正确的投资选择。然而,非保本理财产品往往具有复杂的产品结构,专业性较强,投资者与商业银行之间信息极不对称,处于弱势地位,主动了解非保本理财产品的信息渠道有限、成本高昂。在实践中,商业银行在宣传、销售非保本理财产品时往往存在误导和诱导的行为,隐瞒理财产品所属的种类,故意夸大预期收益率,缺乏风险揭示和持续性的信息披露等。商业银行的信息披露瑕疵成为非保本理财产品投资者与商业银行发生纠纷的常见诱因。我国现行法律制度对非保本理财产品的信息披露并未引起足够的重视。涉及到理财产品信息披露的法律规范多是银监会颁布的一些部门规章,其中零散涉及的一些对非保本理财产品信息披露的规定不够全面、具体,立法层级不高,可操作性不强,导致商业银行在现实实践中存在诸多不披露或披露瑕疵的状况,十分不利于投资者全面了解非保本理财产品的相关信息。因此,商业银行主动、完善的信息披露在非保本理财产品的发展过程中显得尤其重要,它关系着投资者的合法权益,利于他们做出正确的投资决策,对发展我国理财市场和维护金融秩序也有着积极的推动作用。因此,结合我国商业银行非保本理财产品的具体情况,首先应该明确非保本理财产品信息披露应当遵循的原则,在此基础上提高立法层级,完善法律体系,通过完善《商业银行法》,对商业银行非保本理财产品的信息披露进行细化的规定,明确非保本理财产品信息披露的主体、内容、方式、时间和违反信息披露义务的法律责任。其次,出台非保本理财产品信息披露的标准格式,使非保本理财产品的信息披露标准化、法律化。最后,从保护投资者的角度出发,完善非保本理财产品的争议解决机制,充分发挥行业协会的自律作用,最大限度的保护投资者在进行理财投资时的权益,促进银行理财业务的健康有序发展。
[Abstract]:Since China's commercial banks began to develop their personal finance business in the 1990s, financial products have been innovating and developing towards the characteristics of structure and derivation. The purchase of commercial banks' financial products has become the first choice for more and more consumers to invest. On the one hand, with the improvement of residents' living standards, modern people pursue higher profit types of financial products; on the other hand, commercial banks, driven by interest and market demand, vigorously issue non-capital preservation financial products. Therefore, the number of non-capital-preserving financial products issued in recent years far exceeds capital-preserving financial products, occupying a large market share. Investors face different risks in different financial products, and high returns are bound to be accompanied by high risks. In non-capital preservation financial products, commercial banks not only do not guarantee the return of investors, but also do not guarantee the security of their principal, and successfully realize the transfer of risks from commercial banks to investors. Therefore, investors can make correct investment choices only on the basis of fully understanding the comprehensive information of non-capital preservation financial products. However, non-capital preservation financial products often have complex product structure, strong specialization, asymmetric information between investors and commercial banks, and are in a weak position. The information channels of non-capital preservation financial products are limited and the cost is high. In practice, commercial banks often mislead and induce the sale of non-capital preservation financial products, conceal the kind of financial products, deliberately exaggerate the expected rate of return, lack of risk disclosure and sustained information disclosure. The flaw in information disclosure of commercial banks has become a common cause of disputes between investors of non-capital-preserving financial products and commercial banks. The current legal system of our country does not pay enough attention to the disclosure of non-capital-preserving financial products. Most of the legal norms related to financial management product information disclosure are some departmental regulations promulgated by the CBRC. Some of the regulations concerning non-capital preservation financial products information disclosure that are scattered among them are not comprehensive enough, specific, the legislative level is not high, and the operability is not strong. As a result, commercial banks do not disclose or disclose defects in practical practice, which is very unfavorable for investors to fully understand the related information of non-capital preservation financial products. Therefore, the active and perfect information disclosure of commercial banks is particularly important in the development of non-capital preservation financial products. It concerns the legitimate rights and interests of investors and helps them to make correct investment decisions. Also has the positive promotion function to the development our country financial management market and maintains the financial order. Therefore, according to the specific situation of non-capital preservation financial products of commercial banks in China, we should first make clear the principles that should be followed in the disclosure of non-capital preservation financial products, and on this basis, improve the legislative level and improve the legal system. By perfecting the Commercial Bank Law, the information disclosure of non-capital preservation financial products of commercial banks is specified, and the main body, content, method, time and legal responsibility of violating the obligation of information disclosure are clarified. Secondly, the standard format of information disclosure of non-capital preservation financial products is introduced to standardize and legalize the information disclosure of non-capital preservation financial products. Finally, from the point of view of protecting investors, we should improve the dispute resolution mechanism of non-capital preservation financial products, give full play to the self-discipline role of trade associations, and maximize the protection of investors' rights and interests when investing in financial management. To promote the healthy and orderly development of banking business.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.281

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