我国信用评级监管法律制度完善研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 22:16

本文选题：信用评级 + 监管　；参考：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：信用评级机构本应是金融市场的“看门人”,但无论是之前的次贷危机、欧债危机还是近期我国“11超日债”违约事件都暴露出信用评级存在太多的问题,严重偏离其本身的价值和目的。欧债危机的爆发及其产生的严重影响表明信用危机能够波及到一个国家的经济和政治,进而影响到这个国家的稳定。信用危机是金融危机的本质,信用危机爆发的原因既有信用评级机构内在的“利益冲突”,也有外在的监管缺失、法律问责缺失,因此,有效、完善的监管法律制度是必不可少的。各国学者将信用评级监管研究纳入重要课题,各国监管当局和国际监管组织陆续制定并实施相应政策法规对信用评级进行规制,加强监管,防范风险,确保金融安全。它们采取的监管措施都是立足于本国或本地区不同的背景,不同的改革理念和动因会产生不同的监管制度,但后危机时代的国际大背景也使各国、各地区的信用评级监管立法改革的理念有所趋同。各国、各地区在完善本国、本地区信用评级体系的同时,也在积极参与国际信用评级体系的构建,都在争夺信用评级话语权中摩拳擦掌。在分析我国信用评级发展历程及其监管立法演进的基础上,域外代表性国家和国际组织的先进制度固然值得我们学习和借鉴,如细化信息披露,强化评级机构的法律责任、成立统一的监管主体等,但一味照搬国外经验会适得其反。我国信用评级及其监管都处在不太成熟的阶段,无法直接适用成熟国家的法律制度,这就需要立足本国特色,量体裁衣。如何在培养评级市场的同时,建立有效的监管体系,并积极参与国际信用评级新体系的构建,我国信用评级监管法律制度建设任重道远,要从评级监管体制、评级机构的准入和退出机制、法律责任制度等方面多管齐下。此外,金融市场日新月异,在一些信用评级空白或尚不够成熟的新领域,比如互联网金融方面、主权评级及金融衍生产品方面,我们可以先发制人,大有作为,争取在国际信用评级市场上获得话语权。
[Abstract]:Credit rating agencies are supposed to be the gatekeepers of the financial market, but both the previous subprime crisis, the European debt crisis and the recent default of China's "11 super Japanese bonds" have exposed too many problems in credit rating. A serious deviation from its own value and purpose. The outbreak of the European debt crisis and its serious impact show that the credit crisis can affect the economy and politics of a country, and then affect the stability of the country. The credit crisis is the essence of the financial crisis. The causes of the credit crisis are not only the inherent "conflict of interest" of the credit rating agency, but also the lack of external supervision and legal accountability. A sound regulatory legal system is essential. Scholars from all over the world have brought the research of credit rating supervision into an important subject. The national regulatory authorities and international regulatory organizations have formulated and implemented corresponding policies and regulations to regulate credit rating, strengthen supervision, guard against risks and ensure financial security. The regulatory measures they take are based on different national or regional backgrounds, and different ideas and motivations of reform will give rise to different regulatory systems, but the international context of the post-crisis era has also enabled countries, The concept of legislative reform of credit rating regulation in various regions is similar. All countries and regions are actively participating in the construction of international credit rating system while perfecting their own and regional credit rating systems. On the basis of analyzing the development course of credit rating and the evolution of its regulatory legislation, the advanced systems of foreign representative countries and international organizations are certainly worthy of our study and reference, such as the refinement of information disclosure and the strengthening of the legal responsibilities of rating agencies. The establishment of a unified regulatory body, but blindly copy the experience of foreign countries will be counterproductive. China's credit rating and its supervision are in the immature stage, which can not be directly applied to the legal system of mature countries, which needs to be based on their own characteristics, tailor-made. How to establish an effective supervision system while training the rating market, and actively participate in the construction of a new international credit rating system, the legal system of credit rating supervision in China has a long way to go. The entry and exit mechanism of rating agencies, legal liability system and other aspects of the multi-pronged approach. In addition, financial markets are changing with each passing day, and we can do something in advance in new areas where credit ratings are blank or immature, such as Internet finance, sovereign ratings and financial derivatives. Strive for a voice in the international credit rating market.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.291

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