保险行业协会固定费率行为的合法性研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 03:04

本文选题：保险行业协会 + 固定费率行为　；参考：《扬州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：保险行业协会,相较于其他行业协会,具有一定的特殊性:保险产品具有高度同质性、协会具有更大的中介性。保险行业协会本应在保险市场中发挥着自律、协调、指导作用,但是近年来,反垄断执法机构认为保险行业协会固定费率行为构成垄断,排除、限制了保险市场的竞争,违反了《反垄断法》相关规定,是一种违法行为,保险行业协会屡屡遭受处罚。通过对被处罚的案例进行梳理分析,笔者发现保险行业协会固定费率行为主要形式是组织保险公司签订保险《自律公约》。判定一项行为是否违反《反垄断法》,通常依据本身违法原则和合理原则,目前学界对于保险行业协会固定费率行为,普遍认为固定保险费率属于固定价格的行为,限制保险公司就保险费率展开自由竞争,降低保险公司的效率,属于明显排除、限制竞争行为,并且损害了消费了利益,因此无需考虑保险行业协会固定保险费率的目的、后果,应当直接适用本身违法原则进行认定。本文认为固定费率行为并不必然适用本身违法原则,由于本身违法原则与合理原则的范围并非一成不变,并且在适用本身违法原则时存在一定困难,因此,应当根据合理原则考察保险行业协会固定险费率的目的、对竞争的影响以及对消费者的影响。通过对以往案例的总结,笔者提炼出本文的研究点主要就在探讨保险行业固定费率行为的合法性问题。对于保险行业的这一行为,学界看法不一,虽然主流观点认为其违反了《反垄断法》的规定,实践中也无一例外对其进行处罚,但是仍有众多的经济学人士、保险人士认为保险行业协会的行为并没有违反《反垄断法》规定,保险行业协会的行为是一种合法行为。毫无疑问,这一问题的解决既有助于消除各界对此的疑问,也能够借此规范保险行业协会的行为,促进保险行业的良性发展,既有理论意义,也有实践意义。本文从保险行业协会固定费率案例入手,通过案例分析法,分析目前保险行业固定费率行为的主要类型及形式;通过比较研究法,阐述美国以及欧盟对于该行为的合法性界定;再通过对比分析法,对比学界、实务界认为保险行业协会固定费率行为违反《反垄断法》的原因,重点阐述笔者认为保险行业协会固定费率行为合法的理由;最后提出现行制度并没有明确保险行业协会固定费率行为合法性,因此需要从制度上予以明确,同时,由于保险行业协会关乎国计民生,对保险行业协会固定费率行为需要予以规范,保险行业协会应按照一定的程序厘定纯风险费率。
[Abstract]:Insurance industry associations, compared with other trade associations, have some particularities: insurance products have a high homogeneity, associations have a greater intermediary. Insurance industry associations should play a role of self-discipline, coordination and guidance in the insurance market. However, in recent years, the anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies believe that the fixed rate behavior of insurance industry associations constitutes a monopoly, which excludes and limits the competition in the insurance market. Violation of the relevant provisions of the Anti-monopoly Law, is an illegal act, insurance industry associations have been repeatedly punished. Through combing and analyzing the cases of punishment, the author finds that the main form of fixed rate behavior of insurance industry associations is to organize insurance companies to sign insurance "Self-discipline Convention". To determine whether an act is in violation of the Anti-monopoly Law is usually based on its own illegal principle and reasonable principle. At present, the academic community generally thinks that the fixed premium rate is a fixed price act for insurance industry associations. Restricting insurance companies to compete freely on insurance rates and to reduce the efficiency of insurance companies are obvious exclusions, limits competition, and impair the interests of consumption, so there is no need to consider the purpose of fixed insurance rates for insurance industry associations. The consequences shall be directly determined by the principle of violation of the law itself. This paper holds that the fixed rate behavior does not necessarily apply the principle of violation of the law itself, because the scope of the principle of violation of the law itself and the principle of reasonableness are not fixed, and there are some difficulties in the application of the principle of violation of the law itself. According to the reasonable principle, the purpose of the fixed insurance rate, the impact on the competition and the influence on the consumers should be investigated. By summing up the past cases, the author abstracts out the research point of this paper mainly discusses the legality of fixed rate behavior in insurance industry. Scholars have different views on this behavior in the insurance industry. Although the mainstream view is that it violates the provisions of the Anti-monopoly Law and it is punished without exception in practice, there are still many economists. Insurers believe that the conduct of insurance industry associations does not violate the provisions of the Anti-Monopoly Act, insurance industry associations act is a legal act. There is no doubt that the solution of this problem can not only help to eliminate the doubts of all walks of life, but also to standardize the behavior of insurance industry associations and promote the benign development of insurance industry, which has both theoretical and practical significance. This paper starts with the fixed rate cases of the insurance industry association, analyzes the main types and forms of the fixed rate behavior in the insurance industry through the method of case analysis, expounds the definition of the legality of the fixed rate behavior in the United States and the European Union by means of comparative research. Then through the comparative analysis, the author compares the reasons for the violation of the Anti-monopoly Law by the fixed rate behavior of the insurance industry association, focusing on the reasons why the fixed rate act of the insurance industry association is legal; Finally, it is pointed out that the current system does not clearly define the legality of fixed rate behavior of insurance industry associations, so it needs to be clarified from the system. At the same time, because insurance industry associations are related to the national economy and the people's livelihood, The fixed rate behavior of insurance industry association should be regulated, and the insurance industry association should determine the pure risk rate according to certain procedure.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.294

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