网络借贷的担保模式研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 03:43

本文选题：网络借贷 + 担保模式　；参考：《华东政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：民间网络借贷是近年新兴起的民间融资形式,其快速发展与我国金融信贷市场长期存在的结构失衡有关,这是一种不同于传统银行间接融资模式和资本市场直接融资的新型融资模式。其存在和发展一定程度上活跃了金融市场,对中小微型企业和个人融资难的问题提供了破解思路。但就目前来看,网络借贷机构的运营模式不一,平台角色不明,对借款人的审查缺乏统一的信用评级标准和综合信用评价体系,法律监管不到位等问题都制约着网络借贷平台的发展。因此,剖析网络借贷主体及参与者之间的法律关系,明确网络借贷平台的角色定位,提出行之有效的监管措施,对网络借贷的发展至关重要。探究各网络借贷平台担保模式的优劣,优化创新网络借贷平台的担保模式,这是本文研究的重点。在网络借贷发展过程中,产生了多种经营模式,从最初的信用借贷到要求提供担保,再到担保模式的细分。对网络借贷担保模进行探究,有益于网络借贷行业的发展。本文除引言、结论外分为以下三部分内容:第一部分是关于网络借贷的基本概述。对网络借贷平台的运营模式和发展历史进行梳理,并对国外的网络借贷平台进行了简略介绍。通过网络借贷与其他互联网金融模式进行概念区分来界定网络借贷的概念,总结出网络借贷的特点和作用。第二部分是网络贷款担保制度现状透视。以是否需要担保和担保提供人为标准可对网络贷款平台运营模式分为无担保模式、网络贷款平台担保模式、第三方担保模式和借款人担保模式四种。最初,无担保模式即为小额信用贷款,这是网络贷款最初存在并吸引投资人和借款人的最大特点。但随着网络贷款的发展无担保模式的弊端逐渐显现,反而制约了网络借贷的发展。随即,诸多网络借贷平台开始以加强对借款人的身份验证、根据借款人信息(身份证、户口簿、银行卡、收入证明、工作证明等)提供的多寡和质量的高低对其进行信用划级等方式来降低风险,并为信用等级较高的客户向投资人提供担保。但是由于网络的虚拟性和提供信息的电子化使信息作假大量存在,导致许多借贷平台存在很大的风险。加之对借贷平台法律定位不清,其是否具备担保资格和经营资格尚存争论。然后,部分网络借贷平台吸取经验教训引入专业担保公司为投资人担保,这便将网络借贷平台的的风险转移到担保机构中。事实上网络贷款自身的高风险并没有实质的减少,这样做的结果导致担保公司承担着高风险倒闭。最后,以借款人提供担保的网络借贷模式是风险最低,最具有保障的一种,但是也存在担保物范围狭窄、担保物流转受限制等问题。第三部分是网络借贷担保的优化和规范建议。根据第二部分对各担保模式的透视首先提出了网络借贷严格限制信用贷款的模式。其次提出网络借贷效率和安全并重、网络借贷平台角色的回归和实质的借款人担保和形式的担保机构担保等网络借贷担保优化建议和措施。最后对完善网络借贷担保配套制度也提出了优化网络借贷征信路径和加强中介服务商监管等切实可行的措施。
[Abstract]:Private network lending is a new form of non-governmental financing in recent years. Its rapid development is related to the long-standing structural imbalance in the financial credit market of China. This is a new financing model different from the traditional bank indirect financing model and the direct financing of the capital market. At present, the operation mode of the network lending institutions is different, the role of the platform is unclear, the lack of unified credit rating standards and the comprehensive credit evaluation system for the borrower's review, the lack of legal supervision and so on, which restrict the development of the network lending platform. To analyze the legal relationship between the subject and the participants of the network, define the role of the network lending platform, and put forward the effective supervision measures, which is very important to the development of the network lending. It is the focus of this study to explore the advantages and disadvantages of the guarantee mode of the network lending platform and optimize the guarantee mode of the innovation network lending platform. In the course of the development of collateral loan, there are a variety of business models, from the initial credit loan to the requirement to provide guarantee, and then to the subdivision of the guarantee model. It is beneficial to the development of the network lending industry. This article is divided into the following three parts except the introduction: the first part is about the basic probability of network lending. The operation mode and development history of the network lending platform are combed, and the network lending platform abroad is briefly introduced. The concept of network lending is defined through the concept distinction between network lending and other Internet financial models, and the characteristics and functions of network lending are summarized. The second part is the network loan guarantee system. Current situation perspective. The network loan platform operation mode can be divided into non guarantee mode, network loan platform guarantee mode, third party guarantee mode and borrower guarantee mode, four kinds of credit loan platform operation mode. At first, the non guarantee mode is small credit loan, which is the initial existence and attracting investors of the network loan. But with the biggest characteristics of the borrower, but with the development of the unsecured mode of the development of network loans, the development of network lending is restricted. Then, many network lending platforms begin to strengthen the identification of borrowers, and provide more information based on the borrower information (ID card, account book, bank card, income proof, work proof, etc.) Oligarchy and quality have a credit rating to reduce risks and provide security for investors with higher credit levels. However, because of the virtual nature of the network and the electronization of information, there are a lot of false information, which leads to a lot of risk in the lending platform. There is a debate about whether it has a security qualification and management qualifications. Then, some of the network lending platform draws lessons from the professional Guarantee Corporation to guarantee the investor, which transfers the risk of the network lending platform to the guarantee agency. In fact, the high risk of the network loan is not substantially reduced, and the result of this result is the result. The Guarantee Corporation has a high risk of bankruptcy. Finally, the network lending model with the borrower's guarantee is the lowest risk and the most guaranteed, but there are also some problems such as the narrow scope of the guarantee and the limitation of the guarantee logistics. The third part is the optimization and the standard suggestion of the network loan guarantee. According to the second part of the guarantee model, First, it puts forward the mode of strictly restricting credit loan by network lending. Secondly, it puts forward the optimization suggestions and measures of network lending efficiency and security, the return of the role of the network lending platform, the substantial borrower guarantee and the guarantee of the form of guarantee institutions. Finally, it also proposes to improve the supporting system for the guarantee of the network loan guarantee. Some feasible measures have been put forward, such as optimizing the path of credit collection and lending, and strengthening the supervision of intermediary service providers.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.28

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