企业破产清算后环境债权的保护研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 21:06

本文选题：破产清算 + 环境债权　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济崛起,企业破产、环境污染等早已不是新鲜词汇。目前针对公司正常经营过程中的环境侵权问题,尚可依据《侵权法》《环保法》《民法通则》等相关法律进行调整,但关于企业破产后遗留的环境侵权问题却没有明确的法律可适用。破产企业的环境侵权问题可以细分为两类:一是企业在破产清算时已存在的环境侵权,这类环境债权也即公司正常经营过程中产生的;二是在破产清算后才出现的环境侵权。目前学理研究中,习惯上将这两种类型的环境侵权形成的债权统称为“环境债权”。如前所述,公司正常经营过程中的环境侵权问题,尚可依据现行相关法律进行调整,但关于破产清算后才出现的环境债权,我国现行的《环保法》与《破产法》均未作出明确规定,以致于使该类债权的清偿问题无法可依,也使债权人的利益得不到有效保护。基于此,本文针对企业破产清算后才出现的环境债权,拟采用比较分析、举例论证等研究方法,在分析国外针对该问题的处理方法的基础上,结合“污染者负担”等相关环境保护理念,本着“预设性、先期性”的原则,对我国企业破产清算后环境债权的清偿问题进行探讨并提出些许建议。本文具体内容按照如下逻辑顺序展开:首先对破产清算、环境债权等相关概念及其基础理论进行论述;其次对我国企业破产清算后环境债权的保护现状及其存在问题进行分析;最后在借鉴域外国家实践的基础上,为我国企业破产清算后环境债权保护提出建议。其中关于企业破产清算后环境债权保护的制度架构问题,笔者分别从如何预估环境债权的数额;厘清企业破产清算后环境债权的担责主体;储备环境债权清偿资金等方面提出建议。通过本文地探讨,以期为我国企业破产清算后的确认的环境债权找到合理的清偿方式,为环境侵权受害人提供有效的救济途径。
[Abstract]:With the rise of the economy, the bankruptcy of enterprises, environmental pollution has not been a new word. At present, in view of the problem of environmental infringement in the normal course of business of a company, it can be adjusted according to the relevant laws, such as the Tort Law, the Environmental Protection Law, the General principles of Civil Law, and so on. However, there is no clear law applicable to the environmental tort left over after the bankruptcy of the enterprise. The environmental tort of the bankrupt enterprise can be divided into two categories: one is the environmental tort that exists in the bankruptcy liquidation, this kind of environmental creditor's right is also produced in the normal operation process of the company, and the other is the environmental tort that only appears after the bankruptcy liquidation. At present, the creditor's rights formed by these two types of environmental tort are called "environmental creditor's rights". As mentioned earlier, the problem of environmental tort in the normal course of business of a company can be adjusted in accordance with relevant existing laws, but with regard to environmental claims that arise after bankruptcy and liquidation, The current "Environmental Protection Law" and "bankruptcy Law" in our country have not made clear provisions, so that this kind of creditor's settlement problem can not be relied upon, and the interests of creditors can not be effectively protected. Based on this, this paper aims at the environmental creditor's rights that appeared only after the bankruptcy liquidation of enterprises, and proposes to adopt comparative analysis, examples and other research methods, on the basis of analyzing the foreign methods to deal with this problem. Based on the concept of environmental protection such as "polluter burden" and the principle of "presupposition and advance", this paper probes into the liquidation of environmental claims after bankruptcy liquidation of Chinese enterprises and puts forward some suggestions. The specific contents of this paper are carried out in the following logical order: firstly, the related concepts such as bankruptcy liquidation, environmental claims and their basic theories are discussed; secondly, the present situation and existing problems of the protection of environmental claims after bankruptcy liquidation in Chinese enterprises are analyzed. Finally, based on the practice of foreign countries, some suggestions are put forward for the protection of environmental creditor's rights after bankruptcy liquidation. About the system structure of environmental creditor's rights protection after enterprise bankruptcy liquidation, the author respectively from how to estimate the amount of environmental creditor's rights, clarify the liability of environmental creditor's rights after enterprise bankruptcy liquidation. The reserve environment creditor's right to pay off the fund and so on puts forward the suggestion. The purpose of this paper is to find a reasonable way of settlement for the environmental creditor's rights confirmed after bankruptcy liquidation in our country, and to provide an effective remedy for the victims of environmental tort.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.291.92

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