论我国个人破产制度的建立

发布时间：2018-05-21 21:13

本文选题：个人破产 + 必要性　；参考：《中国政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在市场经济法律体系中,破产法是一种调整市场经济顺利运转必不可少的法律制度。破产法是以国家强制力保障来对市场经济是否顺利运转提供的法律形式,其作用不仅仅是对市场的竞争机制提供了调节作用,也是在债务人无法清偿到期债务时,公平的维护债权人和债务人的合法利益。破产法中重要的内容之一就是破产法的适用范围。现阶段,我国的破产法只允许企业法人进入破产程序,并没有赋予个人和其他民事主体有破产能力,对个人破产的法律法规还是处于真空状态:虽然我国自2007年6月1日起新颁布实施的破产法在很多方面都有突破和完善,但是在个人破产制度问题上却没有规定。随着我国改革开放的不断深入,市场经济突飞猛进的发展,还将个人排除在破产主体之外的法律制度的模式将会在以后的法律程序上发生很多矛盾和冲突,这将不利于我国在世界经济中的发展。个人破产制度的建立是完善我国破产法律制度,建立有中国特色社会主义法律体系的必然要求,也为现实生活中出现的新的经济问题提供了解决的法律途径,对构建诚信社会、和谐社会都具有重要的意义。本文从个人破产制度的概述、个人破产制度建立的必要性和可行性、个人破产制度建立的法律构想以及对个人破产制度确立后所产生问题的考虑五大角度,来对我国建立个人破产制度进行分析。在破产制度的概述中,将首先介绍个人破产的基本定义,个人破产主体独特性、能力相同性、原因多样性和其救济性的法律特征,而在另一方面,通过对英美法系、大陆法系的个人破产制度的简介并加以与中国法律制度的比较,充分表明我国建立个人破产制度的紧迫性;在第二大部分,笔者将从四个方面来描述我国现代社会经济发展的现象,从而提出建立个人破产制度的必要性;第三大部分,从社会主义市场经济的高速发展、物权法的实施、我国信用体制的基本雏形和国外个人破产制度的经验四个角度来充分证明我国建立个人破产制度具有充分的可行性;在第四部分中,笔者将对建立个人破产制度的立法模式进行个人的初步构想;第五部分则是对实施个人破产制度后,所涉及的相关问题的考虑与分析,及其对策研究的进一步探讨。最后指出,在我国建立个人破产制度是我国社会经济发展的必然要求,是完善破产法律制度的必要措施,更是与世界经济接轨的必然之路。总之,我国应当建立一个有中国特色的个人破产制度。
[Abstract]:In the legal system of market economy, bankruptcy law is an indispensable legal system to adjust the smooth operation of market economy. The bankruptcy law is a legal form that provides the market economy with the guarantee of national coercive power. Its function is not only to regulate the market competition mechanism, but also to pay off the debts due when the debtor cannot pay off the debts due. Fair protection of the legitimate interests of creditors and debtors. One of the important contents of bankruptcy law is the scope of application of bankruptcy law. At this stage, the bankruptcy law of our country only allows the enterprise legal person to enter the bankruptcy procedure, and does not endow the individual and other civil subject with the bankruptcy ability. The laws and regulations on personal bankruptcy are still in a vacuum: although the bankruptcy law promulgated and implemented in China since June 1, 2007 has breakthrough and perfection in many aspects, there is no provision on the issue of personal bankruptcy system. With the deepening of China's reform and opening up and the rapid development of the market economy, there will be many contradictions and conflicts in the legal procedures in the future. This will not be conducive to the development of our country in the world economy. The establishment of personal bankruptcy system is an inevitable requirement for perfecting the bankruptcy legal system and establishing a socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics. It also provides a legal way to solve the new economic problems that arise in real life. Harmonious society is of great significance. This paper summarizes the personal bankruptcy system, the necessity and feasibility of the establishment of the individual bankruptcy system, the legal conception of the establishment of the individual bankruptcy system and the consideration of the problems arising after the establishment of the individual bankruptcy system. To analyze the establishment of personal bankruptcy system in China. In the outline of bankruptcy system, we will first introduce the basic definition of personal bankruptcy, the uniqueness of individual bankruptcy subject, the same ability, the diversity of reasons and the legal characteristics of its relief. On the other hand, through the common law system, The brief introduction of the individual bankruptcy system in the civil law system and its comparison with the Chinese legal system fully show the urgency of establishing the individual bankruptcy system in China. The author will describe the phenomenon of our country's modern social and economic development from four aspects, so as to put forward the necessity of establishing personal bankruptcy system; third, from the high speed development of socialist market economy, the implementation of property law, The basic rudiments of the credit system of our country and the experience of the foreign individual bankruptcy system fully prove that the establishment of the personal bankruptcy system in our country has the full feasibility; in the fourth part, The fifth part is about the consideration and analysis of the related problems after the implementation of the personal bankruptcy system and the further study of the countermeasures. Finally, it is pointed out that the establishment of personal bankruptcy system in China is an inevitable requirement for the development of China's social economy, a necessary measure to perfect the bankruptcy legal system, and an inevitable way to integrate with the world economy. In short, our country should establish a personal bankruptcy system with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.291.92

【参考文献】