网络约车合同违约责任研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 22:30

本文选题：网络约车 + 客运合同　；参考：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国互联网大数据技术的高速发展,"互联网+交通"模式的共享经济理念逐渐兴起,一时间,使用手机APP约车成为人们出行首要的选择。2016年上半年,CNNIC发布的第38次《中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》显示,网络约车出租车用户规模为1.59亿人。2016年7月27日,交通部联合公安部等七部门发布《网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法》,首次官方承认网约车模式合法,肯定了软件平台的合法地位。网络约车这一新事物的出现,确实为人们的出行提供了便利,满足了市场差异化的需求,缓解了出行难题,但新鲜事物产生的法律问题,也不得不值得我们去思考。因此本文首先对网络约车合同做了一个概述,说明网络约车合同的订立、特殊性及效力问题,紧接着探讨了网络约车合同违约责任的构成,涉及归责原则、免责事由、违约形态以及损害赔偿范围,最后提出网络约车合同违约责任的具体问题和完善建议,从而使法律与社会发展相一致。具体从以下四个部分予以论述:第一部分为网络约车合同概述,分析指出网约车客运合同的性质,指出其特殊性所在,体现在要约与承诺角色互换,介入第三方平台等方面,具体说明了乘客、承运人、居间人的权利义务,为下文论述做铺垫。第二部分介绍了网络约车合同的违约责任,从归责原则、免责事由、违约形态以及损失赔偿范围方面进行研究,阐述在新型客运合同中,适用过错责任原则的合理性,违约行为的四种形态:给付不能,履行拒绝,给付迟延,积极侵害债权。除法定免责事由外,为了网约车的发展,建议双方对某些特定事由约定免责,指出损害赔偿范围包括直接损失和所失利益两方面。第三部分指出网络约车违约责任中的一些具体问题,主要包括违约主体责任不对等;责任承担方式单一;违约惩罚机制不健全。第四部分提出完善网络约车违约责任的建议,针对第三部分的问题具体分析,提出优化责任双方权利义务的设计;拓宽违约责任的承担方式,加强技术创新等建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Internet big data technology in China, the shared economy concept of "Internet traffic" mode has been rising gradually for a period of time. Using the mobile phone APP has become a top choice for people to travel. According to the 38th report on the Development of the Internet in China released in the first half of 2016, the number of taxi users on the Internet is 159 million. On July 27, 2016, The Ministry of Communications, together with the Ministry of Public Security and other seven departments, issued the "interim measures for the Management of Network booking Taxi Business Service", which for the first time officially recognized the legality of the network taxi rental mode, affirming the legal status of the software platform. The emergence of the new thing of network car ride really provides convenience for people to travel, meets the demand of market differentiation, alleviates the travel difficult problem, but the legal problem caused by new things, also has to be worth our thinking. Therefore, this paper first makes an overview of the network car charter contract, explains the conclusion, particularity and effectiveness of the network car charter contract, and then discusses the constitution of the breach liability of the network car charter contract, including the principle of imputation and the reason of exemption. The form of breach of contract and the scope of compensation for damages. Finally, the paper puts forward the specific problems and suggestions on the liability for breach of contract of network car charter contract, so as to make the law consistent with the development of society. The following four parts are discussed: the first part is an overview of the network car charter contract, the analysis points out the nature of the network passenger transport contract, and points out its particularity, which is reflected in the role exchange between offer and acceptance, the involvement of the third party platform, and so on. The rights and obligations of passengers, carriers and mediators are specified, laying the groundwork for the following discussion. The second part introduces the liability for breach of contract in the network car contract. It studies the principle of liability, the reason of exemption, the form of breach of contract and the scope of compensation for losses, and expounds the rationality of applying the principle of fault liability in the new type of passenger transport contract. Four forms of breach of contract: failure to pay, refusal to perform, delay in payment, and positive infringement of creditor's rights. In addition to the statutory reasons for exemption, it is suggested that both parties should agree on the exemption for certain specific reasons, pointing out that the scope of damages includes both direct losses and lost interests. The third part points out some specific problems in the liability for breach of contract in the network, mainly including the non-equivalence of the liability of the subject of breach of contract; the single way of assuming the responsibility; and the imperfect mechanism of punishment for breach of contract. In the fourth part, the author puts forward some suggestions to improve the liability of breach of contract on the network, analyzes the problems in the third part, and puts forward some suggestions, such as optimizing the design of the rights and obligations of both sides of the responsibility, widening the way of assuming the responsibility of breach of contract, and strengthening the technical innovation.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.296

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