“私贷公用”规范的解释论——以《民间借贷司法解释》第23条第2款为中心

发布时间：2018-06-05 06:53

本文选题：“私贷公用” + 生产经营　；参考：《法学》2017年04期

【摘要】：对于"所借款项用于企业生产经营"的判断,存在"约定借款用途"、"加盖企业公章"、"借款汇入企业账户"、"受领借款"、"企业自认"等肯定性要素和"加盖个人印章"、"借款汇入个人账户"等否定性要素,应通过综合权衡确定是否满足上述要件。对于企业与法定代表人或负责人共同责任的证成,"间接代理"与"人格混同"不宜作为一般性的理论依据。除另有明确约定之外,应区分出借人是否明知借款用于企业生产经营。当出借人为明知或应知时,企业为债务人,法定代表人或负责人为连带保证人;当出借人为不知时,仅当企业同意还款或明示作为保证人时,其与法定代表人或负责人承担连带责任。在因"私贷公用"所形成的借款债务与夫妻共同债务、保证债务、物上担保形成交错之时,应进行类型化分析,合理分配各方主体所应承担的责任。
[Abstract]:With regard to the judgment that "the borrowed items are used in the production and operation of the enterprise", There are certain elements such as "agreed loan purpose", "affixed official seal of enterprise", "loan remitted to enterprise account", "received loan", "enterprise self-recognition", "affixed personal seal", "remitted loan into personal account" and other negative elements, etc. Whether or not the above elements are satisfied should be determined through a comprehensive balance. For the joint responsibility of the enterprise and the legal representative or responsible person, "indirect agent" and "personality mixing" should not be taken as the general theoretical basis. Unless otherwise expressly agreed, the lender shall distinguish whether the borrower knowingly borrows for the production and operation of the enterprise. When the lender is knowingly or ought to know, the enterprise is the debtor, and the legal representative or person in charge is the joint and several guarantor; when the lender is unknown, only when the enterprise agrees to repay or expressly acts as a guarantor, It shall be jointly and severally liable with the legal representative or person in charge. When the loan debt formed by "private loan and public use" is staggered with the joint debt of husband and wife to guarantee the debt and guarantee on the property, the type analysis should be carried out, and the responsibility to be borne by the parties should be reasonably distributed.
【作者单位】：南京大学法学院;南京大学中德法学研究所;
【分类号】：D922.282

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