第三方线上支付金融监管的法律研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 10:32

本文选题：第三方线上支付 + 金融监管　；参考：《天津财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：第三方线上支付诞生在互联网发展的黄金十年,它有效解决了网络消费中异地交换信用缺乏的问题,消除了买卖双方在时间和空间上的不同步性,为网络购物提供信用担保的功能,促进了互联网电商行业的发展。随着第三方支付机构经营模式的不断优化和支付技术的不断提高,支付机构不仅仅止步于专注支付功能的升级,更多的是拓宽支付场景,改变消费者的支付观念,在原始的购物支付场景下不断延伸,广泛地与互联网商务的各个领域以及社会公共服务行业开展支付合作,极大地丰富了支付机构的综合服务内容,成为替代银行卡和钱包的支付新选择。然而,由于市场的盲目性和自发性,第三方支付行业的发展并不是毫无瑕疵的,其中也存在制约其行业发展和损害主体利益的多种问题,这就需要从体制机制层面加强金融监管,明确监管主体、监管范围和监管职责,针对第三方线上支付存在的违规问题要给出法律定性,特别是当前问题较为凸出的三个领域,第三方线上支付的市场准入制度、备付金管理制度、信用卡套现监管应该成为完善线上支付行业金融监管的重点内容。目前我国第三方线上支付金融监管的法律依据主要包括起综合监管作用的《非金融机构支付服务管理办法》及其实施细则,针对备付金监管出台的《支付机构客户备付金存管办法》,前述法律法规皆存在法律位阶不高,立法内容滞后,监管主体权责不清等问题。因此,从我国线上支付监管的实际出发,结合外国的立法经验,完善我国金融监管体制的具体路径主要包括以下三个方面。首先是第三方线上支付市场准入的金融监管问题,目前我国实行的是审批制,在注册资本和资本充足率方面要求较高,且程序机制不足,应当在这两个方面采取一定的完善措施；其次是第三方线上支付客户备付金的金融监管,通过分析当前备付金管理制度存在权属不清、增值利用途径单一等问题,提出细化监管责任,明确备付金利息权属和解决增值利用等核心问题；最后是第三方线上支付信用卡套现的金融监管,通过分析新型信用卡套现的特点和成因,建议从加强立法,建立社会征信机制以及提高监管协同性方面完善。
[Abstract]:Third-party online payment was born in the golden decade of Internet development. It has effectively solved the problem of lack of credit exchange between different places in network consumption, and eliminated the difference in time and space between buyers and sellers. The function of providing credit guarantee for online shopping has promoted the development of internet ecommerce industry. With the continuous optimization of third-party payment organizations' business model and the continuous improvement of payment technology, payment organizations not only focus on the upgrading of payment functions, but also broaden payment scenarios and change consumers' concept of payment. Under the original shopping payment scene, the payment cooperation with various fields of Internet commerce and social public service industry has greatly enriched the comprehensive service content of payment institutions. Become an alternative to bank cards and wallets for new payment options. However, due to the blindness and spontaneity of the market, the development of the third-party payment industry is not flawless. The third party online payment market access system, reserve fund management system, credit card cash regulation should become the focus of the online payment industry financial supervision. At present, the legal basis of third-party online payment financial supervision in China mainly includes the "measures for the Administration of payment Services of Non-Financial institutions" and its implementing rules, which play a comprehensive role in supervision. In view of the payment organization customer reserve management measures issued by the regulation of reserve fund, the aforementioned laws and regulations all have some problems, such as low legal rank, lagging legislation content, unclear powers and responsibilities of the supervisory body, and so on. Therefore, starting from the reality of China's online payment supervision and combining with foreign legislative experience, the specific ways to perfect our financial supervision system mainly include the following three aspects. First of all, the financial supervision of third-party online payment market access. At present, our country is implementing an examination and approval system, which requires a high level of registered capital and capital adequacy, and has insufficient procedural mechanisms. We should take some measures to perfect these two aspects; secondly, the financial supervision of the third party's online payment of customer reserve, through the analysis of the current reserve management system, there are some problems such as unclear ownership, single way of value-added utilization, and so on. The paper puts forward some key problems, such as the refinement of supervision responsibility, the definition of the ownership of interest on reserve fund and the solution of value-added utilization. Finally, the financial supervision of third-party online payment of credit card cash is put forward. By analyzing the characteristics and causes of the new type of credit card cash, It is suggested that legislation should be strengthened, social credit mechanism should be set up and supervision synergy should be improved.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.28

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