论旅游者的时间浪费损害赔偿请求权

发布时间：2018-06-17 11:57

本文选题：旅游合同 + 旅游时间浪费　；参考：《扬州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着生活质量的提高,越来越多的人青睐于外出旅游。同时人们对旅游活动的服务质量的要求越来越高,维权意识也越来越强。伴随着《旅游法》的颁行,旅游事业必将更上一层楼。就各地旅游管理部门提供的格式合同条款来看,对旅游消费者的权益保护还有一些欠周详的地方,不少旅游合同纠纷还不能得到完满解决,旅游时间的浪费是其中比较突出的问题。就旅游合同的特殊性而言,时间因素无疑占有举足轻重的地位。大多数上班族只能利用有限的几个法定节假日进行旅游,这段时间因此便有了“定期性”的特点,旅游时间的起点和终点受到假期和季节等因素的限制,一旦无益浪费或错过只好“静候来年”了；对于其他旅游者来说,时间的浪费也会使旅游质量大大降低。因此,为了能够更好地规范旅游经营者的经营行为,同时基于保护弱势群体旅游者的合法权益和保障旅游业健康发展的考虑,有必要确立旅游者的时间浪费损害赔偿请求权。确立时间浪费损害赔偿请求权,当前面临的主要困境是,关于时间浪费损害赔偿请求权的许多具体问题还没有一个统一的定性,例如时间浪费损害赔偿请求权的法律性质、它该采用何种归责原则、时间浪费损害赔偿责任的构成要件有哪些以及法院支持时间浪费损害赔偿请求权时,具体赔偿数额如何进行确定等,这些问题在学术界都有较大争议,法律规定也不明确。旅游者通过外出旅游希望获得的放松享受利益的落空,即为旅游时间浪费的实质。确立时间浪费损害赔偿请求权是旅游合同特殊性的要求,是弥补财产损害赔偿之不足的需要。时间浪费在性质上属于非财产损害,因此,时间浪费损害赔偿是非财产上损害赔偿的一种独立形式。时间浪费损害赔偿责任的构成要件有如下五个方面：一是旅游经营者对时间浪费损害的发生有过错；二是时间浪费损害赔偿请求权的权利主体是旅游者一方,责任主体是旅游经营者一方；三是旅游经营者存在违约行为,致使旅游遭受挫败或重大障碍；四是旅游者遭受了时间浪费的损害事实；五是旅游经营者的违约行为和旅游者遭受的旅游时间浪费损害事实之间存在因果关系。旅游者的时间浪费损害赔偿请求权应当在《旅游法》中予以规定。为了平衡双方当事人的利益,防止权利滥用,时间浪费损害赔偿请求权的消灭时效应适用短期诉讼时效(1年),具体的赔偿数额应以旅游者所交的旅游总费用的日平均数为基数,最高赔偿数额应小于等于日平均费用的三倍。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of quality of life, more and more people prefer to travel. At the same time, the service quality of tourism activities is more and more demanding, and the awareness of safeguarding rights is becoming stronger and stronger. With the enactment of the Tourism Law, the tourism industry is bound to rise to a higher level. As far as the standard contract terms provided by the local tourism management departments are concerned, there are still some inadequacies in the protection of the rights and interests of tourism consumers. Many disputes over tourism contracts cannot be resolved satisfactorily. The waste of travel time is one of the outstanding problems. As far as the particularity of tourism contract is concerned, time factor undoubtedly plays an important role. Most office workers can only make use of a limited number of statutory holidays to travel, and this period of time is characterized by "periodicity". The beginning and end of travel time are limited by such factors as holidays and seasons. If you don't waste or miss it, you'll have to wait for the coming year; for other tourists, the waste of time can also make the quality of travel worse. Therefore, in order to better regulate the management behavior of tourism operators, and based on the consideration of protecting the legal rights and interests of the vulnerable group tourists and ensuring the healthy development of tourism, it is necessary to establish the right to claim damages for time wasted by tourists. In order to establish the right to claim compensation for time wasted damage, the main dilemma is that many specific problems concerning the claim for compensation for time wasted have not yet been characterized in a uniform way, such as the legal nature of the right to claim compensation for time wasted damage. What kind of imputation principle should be adopted, what are the constitutive elements of the liability for time wasted damages, and how to determine the specific amount of compensation when the court supports the claim for compensation for wasted time, these problems are controversial in academic circles. The law is also unclear. It is a waste of time for tourists to lose the relaxing and enjoying benefits that they hope to gain by going out. Establishing the claim right of time wasting damages is the demand of the particularity of tourism contract and the need to make up the deficiency of property damage compensation. Time wasting belongs to non-property damage in nature, therefore, time waste damage compensation is an independent form of non-property damage compensation. The constitutive requirements of the liability for time waste damage are as follows: first, the tourist operator has fault on the occurrence of the time waste damage; second, the right subject of the time waste damage claim is the tourist party. The main body of responsibility is the tourist operator, the third is the tourist operator's breach of contract, which results in the tourism being frustrated or seriously obstructed, the fourth is the fact that the tourist has suffered the damage of wasting time. Fifth, there is a causal relationship between the breach of contract by tour operators and the fact that tourists suffer from wasted travel time. The right to claim damages for time wasted by tourists shall be stipulated in the Tourism Law. In order to balance the interests of both parties and prevent the abuse of rights, the time wasted claim for damages shall be subject to a short-term limitation period (one year or so, and the specific amount of compensation shall be based on the daily average of the total travel expenses paid by the tourist. The maximum amount of compensation shall be less than three times the average daily cost.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923;D922.294

【相似文献】