我国信用证欺诈下开证行权益保护研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 18:49

本文选题：信用证欺诈 + 开证行　；参考：《广东财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国许多开证行的进口信用证被动垫款的数量总额大幅增加,外汇不良资产比例大幅提高,严重制约了我国开证行外汇业务的持续稳定发展。树欲静而风不止,我国开证行在国际交往中常成为信用证欺诈的受害者,但我国目前关于信用证欺诈方面的立法水平不高,对于开证行权益保护问题涉及较少,致使法院在审理相关案件时因为缺乏足够的法律依据,出现不同甚至矛盾的判决结果,大大影响了开证行的业务活动及其在国际上的声誉。因此有必要对开证行权益保护的理论以及国内外立法、司法现状进行深入的探讨,并在此基础上对开证行权益保护提出立法及司法上的完善建议,以更好的保护开证行权益。本文通过综合分析学界已有的研究成果,探索开证行权益保护的背后法理,在此基础上提炼出自己对于信用证欺诈下开证行权益保护的理解,再结合实际的案例和新的形势,明确信用证欺诈下开证行权益的具体内容及其保护存在的问题,解决司法实践中对信用证欺诈下开证行权益保护不足的现实问题。本文共分为四章,第一章主要论述了信用证欺诈下开证行权益保护的基本法理。对开证行的地位、权利以及开证行在信用证欺诈下受到侵害的主要形式进行了概述,再分析了保护开证行权益的主要理论基础。第二章主要分析我国信用证欺诈下开证行权益保护的现状及存在的问题。指出立法中缺乏专门的法律法规、对欺诈的认定标准模糊以及对举证责任规定不清,司法实践中司法救济措施不合理、法官自由裁量权过大等问题。第三章运用比较的方法对信用证欺诈例下开证行权益保护予以分析。通过对信用证欺诈例下开证行权益保护在英美法系国家、大陆法系国家以及国际公约和国际商会的规定及适用进行分析,比较它们的优势和不足,并指出可借鉴之处。第四章针对前文所述现状及问题,在立法、司法及开证行自身方面分别提出可行性的完善建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the total amount of passive advances of import letters of credit of many issuing banks in China has increased significantly, and the proportion of non-performing foreign exchange assets has increased substantially, which has seriously restricted the continuous and stable development of foreign exchange business of issuing banks in China. The issuing bank of our country often becomes the victim of letter of credit fraud in the international communication, but the legislation level of the fraud of letter of credit in our country is not high at present, and the protection of the rights and interests of the issuing bank is less involved. As a result of the lack of sufficient legal basis, the court has different or even contradictory judgment results, which greatly affects the business activities of the issuing bank and its reputation in the international community. Therefore, it is necessary to make a thorough discussion on the theory of the protection of the rights and interests of the issuing bank, as well as the domestic and foreign legislation and the current situation of the judiciary, and on this basis, to put forward legislative and judicial suggestions for the protection of the rights and interests of the issuing bank, in order to better protect the rights and interests of the issuing bank. By synthetically analyzing the existing research results in academic circles, this paper explores the legal principle behind the protection of the rights and interests of issuing banks, and on this basis extracts its own understanding of the protection of the rights and interests of issuing banks under the fraud of letters of credit, and then combines with actual cases and new situations. This paper clarifies the concrete contents of issuing bank's rights and interests under the fraud of letter of credit and the problems existing in its protection, and solves the practical problem of inadequate protection of the issuing bank's rights and interests under the fraud of letter of credit in judicial practice. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly discusses the basic legal principle of issuing bank's rights and interests protection under letter of credit fraud. This paper summarizes the position, rights and the main forms of infringement of issuing bank under the fraud of letter of credit, and then analyzes the main theoretical basis of protecting the rights and interests of issuing bank. The second chapter mainly analyzes the current situation and existing problems of issuing bank's rights and interests protection under the fraud of letter of credit in China. It is pointed out that there is a lack of special laws and regulations in legislation, the identification standard of fraud is vague, the burden of proof is not clear, the judicial relief measures in judicial practice are unreasonable, and the discretion of judges is too large. Chapter three analyzes the protection of issuing bank's rights and interests in the case of letter of credit fraud by means of comparative method. By analyzing the provisions and application of issuing bank's rights and interests in common law countries, continental law countries, international conventions and international chambers of commerce in the case of letter of credit fraud, this paper compares their advantages and disadvantages, and points out the points that can be used for reference. Chapter four puts forward some feasible suggestions on legislation, judicature and issuing bank in view of the present situation and problems mentioned above.
【学位授予单位】：广东财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.281

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