银行错误征信报告侵权责任研究

发布时间：2018-07-28 21:36

【摘要】：征信制度是市场经济发展到一定阶段的产物,是市场经济走向成熟的必然要求。随着我国市场经济的发展,信用征信体系也在逐步健全和完善。中国人民银行征信中心组建的银行间个人信用信息基础数据库,成为个人信用征信的重要机构,并日益影响着人们的经济活动。然而,银行征信报告出现错误信息并损害信息主体信用利益的现象也屡有发生。由于我国法律上并没有规定信用权,因此只能采取名誉权之方式对信息主体的信用权益加以间接保护。但名誉权无论是权利内容还是侵权责任构成要件上均与信用权存在区别,名誉权的方式并不能对信用权予以全面的保护。与此同时,在具体实务操作中各个法院对银行错误征信报告侵权案件进行审理时,由于对侵害行为、损害结果、因果关系的认定仍然以侵害名誉权构成要件来衡量侵害信用权案件,导致信息主体无法获得应有的救济。实际上,在我国目前这种法律没有正式确立信用权的情况下,应当以我国侵权法第二条所规定的一般侵权规定为请求权基础。在构成要件的认定上,应当结合征信制度的特点及我国征信体系的现实状况予以综合衡量判断,对于信息主体为恢复信用记录所支出的必要费用及因银行错误征信报告致使信息主体交易成本提高所造成的损失,均应由侵权行为人进行赔偿。
[Abstract]:Credit system is the product of the development of market economy to a certain stage, is the inevitable requirement of market economy towards maturity. With the development of market economy in our country, the credit information system is being perfected step by step. The basic database of personal credit information between banks set up by the credit information center of the people's Bank of China has become an important institution of personal credit information and has increasingly affected people's economic activities. However, bank credit reports appear false information and damage the credit interests of information subjects. There is no credit right in our country, so we can only protect the information subject's credit rights indirectly by the way of reputation right. However, the right of reputation is different from the credit right in terms of the content of the right or the constitutive elements of the tort liability, and the way of the right of reputation can not protect the credit right in an all-round way. At the same time, in specific practical operations, when various courts try cases of infringement of bank misinformation reports, as a result of the infringement, the damage results, The confirmation of causality still measures the case of infringement of credit right in terms of the constitutive elements of infringement of reputation right, which leads to the failure of information subject to obtain due relief. In fact, if the credit right is not formally established in the present law of our country, it should be based on the general tort stipulation stipulated in Article 2 of the Tort Law of our country. With regard to the identification of the constitutive elements, it is necessary to comprehensively measure and judge the characteristics of the credit system and the reality of the credit system in our country. For the necessary expenses incurred by the information subject to restore the credit record and the loss caused by the increase in the transaction cost of the information subject caused by the false credit information report of the bank, the tortfeasor should compensate for the loss.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.281;D923

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