公司僵局的救济制度研究

发布时间：2018-08-08 15:48

【摘要】：伴随着市场经济的迅猛发展和公司制度的不断完善,公司作为市场经济中重要的经济组织形式,规模不断的发展壮大。越来越多的投资人在共同利益的驱使下创设公司,寄希望于通过有效的经营管理和相互合作,实现对经济利益追求的目标。然而,随着公司的不断发展壮大,公司也必然将面临各种纠纷自身的经营管理也会陷入困境。公司僵局就是公司的致命困境之一,如何有效的避免公司僵局的出现,在公司僵局出现以后又该如何有效的解决?根据我国2006年新实施的《公司法》规定,陷入管理僵局中公司股东可以申请法院判决解散公司。但是,由于法律条文规定的过于模糊,虽然后来经过最高人民法院作出的相应的司法解释,公司僵局的司法救济制度在实践中仍有许多的不便和困惑。同时,如果仅仅以司法强制解散公司这种方式对公司僵局进行救济,那么必定会对公司、股东、债权人等相关的利益主体造成巨大的损失,甚至会影响到社会经济秩序。鉴于此,在处理公司僵局案件时,要尽量寻找到其他的有效的救济措施,在现有的救济措施的基础上不断寻求新的救济措施,尽量避免解散那些经济效益良好,还能为社会经济发展做出贡献的公司。本文从今年来发生的一个典型的公司僵局案例出发,在具体分析我国公司僵局司法救济制度的基础上,归纳总结了一些公司僵局替代性救济途径。除了引言和结语两个部分以外,正文的内容共分为五章,其主要内容如下:本文开篇对案件的基本情况进行了简单的介绍。近几年来因公司僵局而申请司法解散的案件经常发生,本文从最近的司法实践活动中选取了一个相对典型的公司僵局案件,通过对案情的深入分析引出案件的争议焦点,由此展开对公司僵局的论述。在对公司僵局概念做出深入的解读后,简要阐明了公司僵局形成的原因以及公司僵局形成以后对公司、公司股东以及其他的相关利益主体都会带来巨大损失,由于有限公司具有人合性和封闭性的特点,公司内部纠纷容易产生并且难于解决。仅仅依靠公司自治并不能缓解公司纠纷化解股东之间的矛盾,此时就需要借助其他的力量对公司进行救济。因而司法介入公司治理就具有合理性以及司法介入公司僵局的治理应当坚持的原则。作为一种普遍趋势,我国司法在公司治理的过程中也开始发挥着积极的作用,司法权对公司事务干预的范围也在不断的扩大。最后是本文内容的核心,通过对案例的法理分析,归纳总结了一些公司僵局的救济途径。司法解散僵局中的公司,虽然彻底的解决了公司纠纷,保护了部分股东的利益,但是不管是对于公司、股东还是整个社会来说,司法解散公司都具有很大的危害性,因此我们除了要进一步完善公司司法解散制度,还应探寻其他的救济途径,寻找到更好的破解公司僵局的办法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the market economy and the continuous improvement of the company system, the company as an important form of economic organization in the market economy, the scale of continuous development and growth. More and more investors, driven by common interests, set up companies in the hope of achieving the goal of pursuing economic interests through effective management and mutual cooperation. However, with the continuous development of the company, the company will inevitably face a variety of disputes and management will also fall into difficulties. Corporate deadlock is one of the fatal predicaments of the company, how to effectively avoid the emergence of corporate deadlock, after the emergence of corporate deadlock and how to effectively solve? According to the newly implemented Company Law in 2006, the shareholders of the company can apply to the court to dissolve the company in the deadlock of management. However, because the provisions of the law are too vague, although the corresponding judicial interpretation made by the Supreme people's Court later, the judicial relief system of the company deadlock still has many inconvenience and confusion in practice. At the same time, if only the judicial forced dissolution of the company this way to relieve the deadlock, it will inevitably cause huge losses to the company, shareholders, creditors and other related stakeholders, and even affect the social and economic order. In view of this, when dealing with corporate deadlock cases, we should try to find other effective relief measures, continue to seek new relief measures on the basis of existing relief measures, and try to avoid disbanding those with good economic benefits. Companies that can also contribute to social and economic development. Based on a typical case of corporate deadlock this year and on the basis of concrete analysis of the judicial relief system of corporate deadlock in China, this paper summarizes some alternative remedies for corporate deadlock. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the content of the text is divided into five chapters, the main content is as follows: at the beginning of this article, the basic situation of the case is briefly introduced. In recent years, the application for judicial dissolution often occurs because of the deadlock of the company. This paper selects a relatively typical corporate deadlock case from the recent judicial practice, and through the in-depth analysis of the case leads to the dispute focus of the case. Thus the discussion of the deadlock of the company is carried out. After a deep interpretation of the concept of corporate deadlock, the paper briefly explains the reasons for the formation of corporate deadlock and the huge losses to companies, shareholders and other relevant stakeholders after the formation of corporate deadlock. Because the limited company has the characteristic of human being and closure, the disputes within the company are easy to produce and difficult to solve. Only relying on corporate autonomy can not alleviate the conflict between shareholders, and need to help other forces to remedy the company. Therefore, judicial intervention in corporate governance is reasonable and the principle of judicial intervention in corporate deadlock should be adhered to. As a general trend, the judicial system in our country is also playing an active role in the process of corporate governance, and the scope of judicial intervention on corporate affairs is also expanding. Finally, the core of this paper, through the legal analysis of the case, summarized some corporate deadlock relief ways. Although the company in the deadlock of judicial dissolution has completely resolved the disputes of the company and protected the interests of some shareholders, but to the company, the shareholders or the whole society, the judicial dissolution of the company has great harmfulness. Therefore, in addition to further perfecting the judicial dissolution system, we should explore other relief ways to find a better way to break the deadlock of the company.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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