股权转让程序性瑕疵效力研究
发布时间：2018-08-12 08:47
【摘要】：股权自由转让是股东的固有权利,但绝对的自由转让会损害其他股东及公司的利益,因此各国立法对股权转让,尤其对股权外部转让进行一定的限制。2005年我国《公司法》修改,专设第三章对股权转让进行规定,确定了有限责任公司股权转让的制度框架,并对股权转让的程序进行了细化规定,但对股权转让的效力问题并未作出明确规定。长期以来,法院在审理股权转让纠纷时,法条的解释与适用不准确,缺乏商事思维,导致许多误判的产生。从法律规范属性来看,有限责任公司股权转让程序规定属于强制性规范,股东在对外转让股权时必须遵守,违反之将导致法律上的不利后果;股权转让程序规定是管理型强制规定,违反该规定不会导致合同无效。公司法或公司章程股东转让股权时,设定了各种程序,赋予其他股东等利害关系人以各种权利。该类权利是基于维护公司人合性、保护相关利益主体的权利或期待的目的,在出让股东的股权之上设定的程序性权利。股东侵犯该类程序性权利转让股权的行为,并不必然导致相关利益主体的实质权益受损。若利害关系人未对此行使救济性权利,该合同的程序性瑕疵得到修正,其效力和履行均不受影响。若利害关系人对此提出异议,并在合理期限内启动救济性程序,法院或仲裁机构方对该合同进行可撤销审查。在其他股东最终确定受让股权的情况下,对该股权转让进行撤销,已支付对价的返还支付,已取得股权的退回股权。同时,为维护相关利益主体的合法权益,杜绝违反程序的股权转让行为,对出让股东、受让人、公司追究其民事责任。
[Abstract]:Free transfer of equity is the inherent right of shareholders, but absolute free transfer will harm the interests of other shareholders and companies. The third chapter provides for the transfer of equity, determines the institutional framework of equity transfer of limited liability companies, and specifies the procedure of equity transfer. However, the validity of the transfer of equity is not clearly stipulated. For a long time, the interpretation and application of the articles of law are inaccurate and lack of commercial thinking, which leads to a lot of misjudgments. From the view of the legal norm attribute, the limited liability company equity transfer procedure stipulation belongs to the mandatory norm, when the shareholder transfers the stock right to the outside must abide by, the violation will lead to the legal unfavorable consequence; The procedure of equity transfer is a mandatory regulation of management, violation of which will not result in the invalidation of the contract. When the shareholders of the company law or articles of association transfer their shares, they set up various procedures and give all kinds of rights to other shareholders and other interested parties. This kind of rights is based on the purpose of protecting the rights or expectations of the relevant stakeholders and establishing the procedural rights on the basis of transferring shareholders' equity. Shareholders' infringement of such procedural rights does not necessarily lead to damage to the substantive rights and interests of the relevant stakeholders. If the interested party does not exercise the right to remedy, the procedural defects of the contract are amended and its validity and performance are not affected. If the interested party objects to this and initiates relief proceedings within a reasonable period of time, the court or the arbitration agency shall carry out a revocable review of the contract. In the case of the other shareholders' final determination of the transferred equity, the transfer of the equity is revoked, the return of the consideration paid, and the return of the equity acquired. At the same time, in order to protect the legal rights and interests of the relevant stakeholders and to put an end to the transfer of shares in violation of the procedure, the transferor, the transferee and the company shall be investigated for their civil liability.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.291.91
[Abstract]:Free transfer of equity is the inherent right of shareholders, but absolute free transfer will harm the interests of other shareholders and companies. The third chapter provides for the transfer of equity, determines the institutional framework of equity transfer of limited liability companies, and specifies the procedure of equity transfer. However, the validity of the transfer of equity is not clearly stipulated. For a long time, the interpretation and application of the articles of law are inaccurate and lack of commercial thinking, which leads to a lot of misjudgments. From the view of the legal norm attribute, the limited liability company equity transfer procedure stipulation belongs to the mandatory norm, when the shareholder transfers the stock right to the outside must abide by, the violation will lead to the legal unfavorable consequence; The procedure of equity transfer is a mandatory regulation of management, violation of which will not result in the invalidation of the contract. When the shareholders of the company law or articles of association transfer their shares, they set up various procedures and give all kinds of rights to other shareholders and other interested parties. This kind of rights is based on the purpose of protecting the rights or expectations of the relevant stakeholders and establishing the procedural rights on the basis of transferring shareholders' equity. Shareholders' infringement of such procedural rights does not necessarily lead to damage to the substantive rights and interests of the relevant stakeholders. If the interested party does not exercise the right to remedy, the procedural defects of the contract are amended and its validity and performance are not affected. If the interested party objects to this and initiates relief proceedings within a reasonable period of time, the court or the arbitration agency shall carry out a revocable review of the contract. In the case of the other shareholders' final determination of the transferred equity, the transfer of the equity is revoked, the return of the consideration paid, and the return of the equity acquired. At the same time, in order to protect the legal rights and interests of the relevant stakeholders and to put an end to the transfer of shares in violation of the procedure, the transferor, the transferee and the company shall be investigated for their civil liability.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.291.91
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