论我国反垄断法中的消费者权益保护制度及其完善

发布时间：2018-11-05 11:32

【摘要】：垄断行为伴随着市场经济的发展而产生,公平的市场竞争秩序不单会因违法垄断行为遭受毁坏,也会侵害到消费者权益。在通常的消费领域,对于保护广大消费者的权益,有其专门的法律,可是面对违法的垄断行为却无能为力。许多国家意识到,对于消费者权益的保护,就需要对市场上的竞争行为、垄断行为进行规制,保持市场竞争秩序的稳定,对于特殊的消费领域,建立多元化消费者权益保护机制,以此相继颁布、修改有关反垄断的法律和建立一些有效保护消费者权益的制度。相比之下,在面对反垄断法中消费者权益保护这一问题上,我国的态度并没有表现的像其他国家那么积极。其在反垄断立法之中,只纳入了对消费者权益保护的目的和一些简单的涉及到消费者权益保护的条款,以及一部有关反垄断民事诉讼的司法解释。并且在反垄断执法中,三大执法机构各司其职,难以确保对消费者权益的保护。同样,这也深深的影响到消费者在司法实践中得到有效的救济。因此,本文将以我国的反垄断立法、执法和司法等为主要的研究方面,联系我国的实际情况,以此寻找出我国反垄断法中的消费者权益保护制度的一些完善建议。而对这一制度的完善,主要应该站在消费者角度进行考察,不仅需要进一步明确其能够行使的权利,还要增加消费者维权的积极性。同时,改革我国现有的反垄断执法机构也是十分必要,可以试图将原有的反垄断执法机构和消费者权益保护机构进行合并,使其更加明确对消费者权益进行保护的一个职责。另外,在此基础上还要完善消费者诉法救济制度,将救济的重点放在了对消费者举证的帮助、赔偿以及群体诉讼等方面,从而为消费者权益的救济提供一定的保障。在立足于我国现行的反垄断法以及司法实践,将全文内容分为以下五个部分:第一部分,主要对论文的研究目的及意义、研究现状、以及研究范围和方法进行介绍,为全文写作作出总体性概况。第二部分,阐述在反垄断法中一些基本问题,即对反垄断法中消费者概念的界定、消费者权益保护的地位以及其与消费者权益保护法的关系。第三部分,重点对我国反垄断法中消费者权益保护制度的现状与问题进行介绍。通过对反垄断立法中涉及到的消费者的内容,以及反垄断执法和司法实践同消费者权益保护的现状进行分析,并在此基础上看到其存在的问题。第四部分,就是叙述域外一些国家的发展概况,介绍其消费者权益保护在反垄断立法、执法、司法之中的相关规定,以美国、德国、日本等国家为主。第五部分,提出相关的完善建议。在我国反垄断法中,对于消费者权益保护制度要从三个方面加以完善,《反垄断法》中增设一章消费者权益保护的内容,完善反垄断执法制度以及增加消费者协会反垄断职能,最后就是要健全消费者在司法实践中的救济制度。
[Abstract]:Monopoly behavior comes into being with the development of market economy. Fair market competition order will not only be destroyed by illegal monopoly behavior, but also will infringe on consumers' rights and interests. In the usual field of consumption, there is a special law to protect the rights and interests of consumers, but there is nothing that can be done in the face of illegal monopoly. Many countries realize that to protect the rights and interests of consumers, it is necessary to regulate the competitive behavior and monopolistic behavior in the market, to maintain the stability of the market competition order, and to deal with the special consumption fields. It is necessary to establish a diversified mechanism to protect the rights and interests of consumers, so as to amend the anti-monopoly laws and establish some effective systems to protect the rights and interests of consumers. In contrast, in the face of the protection of consumer rights and interests in antimonopoly law, China's attitude is not as positive as other countries. In the antitrust legislation, only the purpose of protecting the rights and interests of consumers and some simple provisions concerning the protection of the rights and interests of consumers are included, as well as a judicial interpretation of the civil action against monopoly. And in anti-monopoly law enforcement, the three law enforcement agencies have their own functions, it is difficult to ensure the protection of consumer rights and interests. Similarly, this also deeply affects the consumer in the judicial practice to obtain the effective relief. Therefore, this article will take our country's antimonopoly legislation, the law enforcement and the judicature as the main research aspect, unifies our country's actual situation, in order to find out our country anti-monopoly law in the consumer rights and interests protection system some perfect suggestions. The perfection of this system should be investigated from the perspective of consumers, not only need to further clarify the rights it can exercise, but also to increase the enthusiasm of consumers to protect their rights. At the same time, it is necessary to reform the existing anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies in our country. We can try to merge the existing anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies and consumer rights protection agencies to make it more clear to protect the rights and interests of consumers. In addition, on this basis, we should improve the relief system of consumer litigation law, focusing on the help of consumer proof, compensation and group action, so as to provide certain protection for the relief of consumers' rights and interests. Based on the current anti-monopoly law and judicial practice in China, the full text is divided into the following five parts: the first part, the purpose and significance of the paper, the status quo, as well as the scope and methods of the study are introduced. To make a general overview of full-text writing. The second part expounds some basic problems in anti-monopoly law, namely, the definition of consumer concept in anti-monopoly law, the status of consumer rights and interests protection and its relationship with consumer rights and interests protection law. The third part mainly introduces the current situation and problems of consumer rights and interests protection system in anti-monopoly law of our country. Based on the analysis of the content of consumers involved in antitrust legislation, the current situation of antitrust law enforcement and judicial practice and the protection of consumers' rights and interests, we can see the existing problems on this basis. The fourth part is to describe the development of some countries outside the country, introduce the protection of consumer rights and interests in antitrust legislation, law enforcement, judicial provisions, mainly in the United States, Germany, Japan and other countries. The fifth part, puts forward the related consummation suggestion. In the anti-monopoly law of our country, we should perfect the protection system of consumer's rights and interests from three aspects. In the Anti-monopoly Law, we should add a chapter on the protection of consumer's rights and interests, perfect the anti-monopoly law enforcement system and increase the anti-monopoly function of consumer association. Finally, it is necessary to perfect the relief system of consumers in judicial practice.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.8

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