我国物流法律制度存在的问题及完善建议

发布时间：2018-11-23 06:28

【摘要】：上世纪末以来,我国传统计划经济体制下的货物生产运输模式受到市场发展的冲击,落后的货物配送模式逐渐被新兴的物流运输体系所代替,从根本上打破了货物流通地域限制及空间限制,取而代之的是融合货物个性化设计包装、大型机械设备装卸、海陆空一体化交通运输、现代化物流仓储中转保管、专业物流人员进行分检配送等诸多环节为一体的现代化物流行业。特别是借助于近年来计算信息技术所衍生的电子商务销售额飞速增长的现状,我国的物流企业在已有的城市区域综合流通业务平台基础上,将视线沿伸至全球范围内,通过优化整合物流信息技术平台、兴建大型中枢物流园、建设物流中转站等方式,灵活变通配送方式,使有效信息资源得以共享与转换,极大地提高物流企业的利润空间,为物流业的发展提供崭新的平台。然而,我国物流行业与西方物流行业发达国家相比,不仅在理论研究、技术平台、基础设施建设、资金支持、服务理念等方面都存在很大差距,而且与物流行业发展相配套的法律制度严重落后,对应的法律关系未理顺,法律服务平台尚未构建完备,未有结论的争议仍被搁置。本文从物流的产生经过出发,详细介绍了物流的发展历史,对物流的概念、特征及功能的基本理论进行论述,同时对物流法定义进行介绍,着重分析物流法调整的法律关系内容,对物流法的基本涵义进行总结。同时,立足我国目前物流法律制度的现状,分析当前发展形势下我国物流法律制度存在的立法不统一、归责原则不确定、配套机制不到位等主要问题从物流法律法规在立法层面和实际适用层面角度进行详解,对导致以上问题的社会、历史、技术等方面因素进行概括叙述,从多个角度对问题的由来进行比对分析,揭示了问题产生的根源。从世界范围内物流发展的历程着眼,文章介绍了物流立法较发达的美国、英国两国的物流及相关法律的发展情况,通过与以上两国物流业立法的对比,分析我国物流行业立法存在的不足之处,同时重点指出了对我国今后物流立法的重要启示。文章还着重对物流立法现状中存在的问题提出解决思路,对包括物流法律关系复杂多变、物流法律责任难以认定、损失赔偿标准界定等方面提出建议,以期进一步完善我国的物流立法,使之早日摆脱目前受到的种种羁绊,跻身于物流法制相对完善国家的行列。
[Abstract]:Since the end of the last century, the mode of goods production and transportation under the traditional planned economy system in our country has been impacted by the development of the market, and the backward mode of goods distribution has gradually been replaced by the emerging logistics transportation system. It has fundamentally broken down the regional and spatial restrictions on the circulation of goods and replaced them with the integration of individualized design and packaging of goods, loading and unloading of large machinery and equipment, integrated transportation by sea, land, land and air, and transfer of goods in modern logistics, warehousing, storage and storage. Professional logistics personnel for separate inspection and distribution and many other links as one of the modern logistics industry. In particular, with the rapid growth of e-commerce sales derived from computing information technology in recent years, the logistics enterprises in our country extend their sight to the global scope on the basis of the existing integrated circulation business platform in urban areas. Through optimizing and integrating logistics information technology platform, building large central logistics park, constructing logistics transit station and so on, flexible and flexible distribution mode, the effective information resources can be shared and converted, and the profit space of logistics enterprises can be greatly improved. To provide a new platform for the development of the logistics industry. However, compared with the developed countries in the western logistics industry, there is not only a great gap in the theoretical research, technology platform, infrastructure construction, capital support, service concept and so on. Moreover, the legal system supporting the development of the logistics industry is seriously backward, the corresponding legal relationship has not been straightened out, the legal service platform has not yet been constructed, and the dispute that has not yet been concluded has still been put on hold. This paper introduces the history of logistics development, discusses the concept, characteristics and functions of logistics, and introduces the definition of logistics law. The content of legal relation of logistics law adjustment is analyzed emphatically, and the basic meaning of logistics law is summarized. At the same time, based on the current situation of the logistics legal system in our country, this paper analyzes the existing legislation of the logistics legal system in our country under the current development situation, and the uncertainty of the principle of imputation. The main problems, such as inadequate supporting mechanism, are explained in detail from the aspects of legislation and practical application of logistics laws and regulations, and the social, historical, technical and other factors that lead to the above problems are summarized. The origin of the problem is analyzed from several angles, and the root of the problem is revealed. Based on the history of logistics development in the world, this paper introduces the development of logistics and related laws in the United States and Britain, where the logistics legislation is more developed, and compares it with the logistics legislation of the two countries. This paper analyzes the shortcomings of the legislation of logistics industry in our country, and points out the important enlightenment to the legislation of logistics in the future. The article also puts forward the solutions to the problems existing in the present situation of logistics legislation, and puts forward some suggestions on the aspects such as the complicated and changeable legal relationship of logistics, the difficulty of identifying the legal liability of logistics, the definition of standard of compensation for losses, etc. In order to further improve our country's logistics legislation, make it get rid of all kinds of fetters at present as soon as possible, and join the ranks of the country that the logistics legal system is relatively perfect.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.296

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