航空运输延误相关法律问题研究
发布时间：2018-12-14 18:14
【摘要】：航空法中的延误包括航班延误和航空运输延误,航空运输延误不等同于航班延误,二者的适用对象、发生的时段存在差异。国际航空法和国内航空法中未对航空运输延误的概念进行明确界定,司法实践和学理研究中分别提出过“约定时间说”、“约定时间和合理期间说相结合”以及“分类标准说”,都力图明晰航空运输延误的概念。以“分类标准说”为依据对航空运输延误的概念进行界定是合理的。航空运输延误是一种客观事实,旅客运输延误应从出发延误和到达延误两个方面进行判断;托运行李延误应坚持“行李随人”的标准采用达到延误进行判断;货物延误的判断标准应根据托运人和承运人的约定采用到达延误进行分析。航空运输是一个系统工程,致使发生延误的原因众多,因此承担责任的主体亦为多方主体。在承运人责任中,因天气、军事活动与空中交通管制及联检、机场、旅客与公共安全等承运人所不能控制的原因所生发的延误是合理延误,承运人无需承担赔偿责任;反之,因机械故障和航空公司自身原因致使延误发生的,则为不合理延误,承运人应当承担赔偿责任。根据航空运输的性质不同来分别确定延误赔偿所适用的法律。国际上相关国家和地区对航空运输延误的规定有一定的借鉴意义,我国应首先要完善立法,制定切实可行的航空运输延误判断依据及承运人责任;其次,要加强空域管理体制改革,优化空域资源的利用;再次,航空承运人应为消费者提供更好的客户体验,完善延误善后服务工作,航空运输协会也应加强事前管理和事后监督作用;最后,应完善航空运输延误险,实现快捷理赔。
[Abstract]:The delay in aviation law includes flight delay and air transport delay, and air transport delay is not equal to flight delay. The concept of delay in air transport has not been clearly defined in international air law and domestic air law, and the theory of "agreed time" has been put forward in judicial practice and theoretical research. The combination of the agreed time and reasonable period theory and the classification standard theory try to clarify the concept of air transport delay. It is reasonable to define the concept of air transport delay on the basis of classification standard theory. Air transportation delay is an objective fact, passenger transport delay should be judged from two aspects: departure delay and arrival delay; The judgment of delay shall be analysed according to the agreement of the shipper and carrier. Air transportation is a system engineering, which has many reasons for delay. In the carrier's responsibility, the delay caused by the weather, military activities and air traffic control and joint inspection, airport, passenger and public safety and other reasons beyond the carrier's control is reasonable delay, the carrier does not have to bear liability for compensation; On the other hand, if the delay occurs due to mechanical failure and airline's own reasons, it is unreasonable delay, and the carrier should be liable for compensation. The law applicable to delay compensation is determined according to the nature of air transport. Relevant countries and regions in the international air transport delay regulations have certain reference significance, our country should first perfect the legislation, formulate the feasible air transport delay judgment basis and carrier responsibility; Secondly, we should strengthen the reform of airspace management system and optimize the utilization of airspace resources. Thirdly, the air carrier should provide better customer experience for consumers, improve the service of delay and aftercare, and the air transport association should also strengthen the role of pre-management and post-supervision; finally, air transport delay risk should be improved to realize quick settlement of claims.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.296
本文编号：2379089
[Abstract]:The delay in aviation law includes flight delay and air transport delay, and air transport delay is not equal to flight delay. The concept of delay in air transport has not been clearly defined in international air law and domestic air law, and the theory of "agreed time" has been put forward in judicial practice and theoretical research. The combination of the agreed time and reasonable period theory and the classification standard theory try to clarify the concept of air transport delay. It is reasonable to define the concept of air transport delay on the basis of classification standard theory. Air transportation delay is an objective fact, passenger transport delay should be judged from two aspects: departure delay and arrival delay; The judgment of delay shall be analysed according to the agreement of the shipper and carrier. Air transportation is a system engineering, which has many reasons for delay. In the carrier's responsibility, the delay caused by the weather, military activities and air traffic control and joint inspection, airport, passenger and public safety and other reasons beyond the carrier's control is reasonable delay, the carrier does not have to bear liability for compensation; On the other hand, if the delay occurs due to mechanical failure and airline's own reasons, it is unreasonable delay, and the carrier should be liable for compensation. The law applicable to delay compensation is determined according to the nature of air transport. Relevant countries and regions in the international air transport delay regulations have certain reference significance, our country should first perfect the legislation, formulate the feasible air transport delay judgment basis and carrier responsibility; Secondly, we should strengthen the reform of airspace management system and optimize the utilization of airspace resources. Thirdly, the air carrier should provide better customer experience for consumers, improve the service of delay and aftercare, and the air transport association should also strengthen the role of pre-management and post-supervision; finally, air transport delay risk should be improved to realize quick settlement of claims.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.296
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，本文编号：2379089
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